西南民族地区乡村旅游发展与脱贫韧性的空间耦合关系研究

Research on the Spatial Coupling Relationship between Rural Tourism Development and Village Resilience to Poverty Alleviation in Southwest Ethnic Areas

研究乡村旅游发展与脱贫韧性的空间耦合关系是开展旅游扶贫的有益探索,更是对巩固脱贫成果和有效衔接乡村振兴战略具有重要的理论和实践意义.以贵州省道真仡佬族苗族自治县91个行政村为研究对象,通过构建乡村旅游发展与脱贫韧性耦合度和耦合协调度模型,在测算2023年乡村旅游发展与脱贫韧性水平及空间格局特征的基础上,探究两者耦合关系及耦合协调发展特征,划分耦合协调发展类型.结果显示:(1)研究区乡村旅游发展整体水平偏低,区域差异显著,乡村旅游保障和乡村旅游资源相较于乡村旅游经济发展略好.(2)研究区脱贫韧性较强,且地区间波动较小,经济韧性、资源韧性相较于文化韧性和社会韧性更好.(3)研究区乡村旅游发展和脱贫韧性耦合协调发展类型主要以乡村旅游发展滞后型为主,耦合协调度明显高于耦合度,空间耦合关系基本一致,呈现出3个中心向中部扩散的空间格局.最后,根据乡村旅游发展与脱贫韧性的耦合协调发展类型,针对性地提出加强旅游经济功能、提升乡村旅游联农带动效应,增强文化和社会脱贫韧性等措施,以期为地方政府实现乡村全面振兴和共同富裕提供政策建议.

Studying the spatial coupling relationship between rural tourism development and poverty alleviation resilience is a useful exploration of tourism poverty alleviation.Moreover,it is of great theoretical and practical significance for consolidating poverty alleviation results and effectively articulating rural revitalization strategy.Therefore,this paper takes 91 administrative villages in Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County of Guizhou Province as the research object,constructs the coupling degree and coupling coordination degree model of rural tourism development and poverty alleviation resilience,measures the level and spatial pattern characteristics of the resilience level and spatial pattern characteristics of the rural tourism development and poverty alleviation in 2023 based on the coupling relationship between the two and the coupling coordination characteristics of the development of the two,and delineates the types of the coupling and coordination of the development.The results of the study show that①The overall level of rural tourism development in the study area was low,with significant regional differences,and rural tourism security and rural tourism resources were slightly better compared to rural tourism economic development.②The overall domain of the village in study area was more resilient to poverty eradication,and inter-regional fluctuations were smaller.The economic resilience,resource resilience was relatively better than cultural resilience and social resilience.③The rural tourism development and poverty eradication resilience coupling and coordination of development type in study area was mainly dominated by the rural tourism development lag type,and coupling coordination degree was significantly higher than the degree of coupling.The spatial coupling relationship was basically the same,presenting a spatial pattern of the three centers diffused to the middle.Finally,according to the type of coupled and coordinated development of rural tourism development and poverty alleviation resilience,targeted measures are proposed to strengthen the economic function of tourism,enhance the rural tourism linkage and driving effect,and enhance the cultural and social poverty alleviation resilience,with a view to providing policy recommendations for the local government to realize the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside and common prosperity.