不同储存条件下微波干燥黑水虻虫干的品质稳定性研究

Study on Quality Stability of Black Soldier Fly Larvae Dried by Microwave under Different Storage Conditions

试验旨在研究微波干燥黑水虻虫干储存过程中品质的变化规律。将微波干燥黑水虻虫干分别储存在低温环境(10℃、40%RH)、自然环境(13~28℃,30%~55%RH)和高温高湿环境(40℃、85%RH)条件下,通过对其水分、新鲜度(挥发性盐基氮、生物胺、酸价、丙二醛)和卫生指标(霉菌总数、细菌总数)的分析以研究微波干燥黑水虻虫干在储存过程中品质的变化情况。结果表明:随着储存时间的延长,低温环境和自然环境储存的微波干燥黑水虻虫干中水分、新鲜度、氨基酸含量和霉菌总数未发生明显变化,水活度增加,但小于0.6;细菌总数增加,但符合饲料卫生标准的要求;高温高湿环境储存的微波干燥黑水虻虫干中水分、水活度、霉菌总数和丙二醛含量快速增加,挥发性盐基氮含量先升高后降低,导致品质下降。由此可见,微波干燥黑水虻虫干储存时,采用PVC密封包装,控制环境温度小于28℃、相对湿度小于55%,微波干燥黑水虻虫干至少5个月不会发生明显的品质变化。

The purpose of this study was to know the variation rules of black soldier fly larvae dried by microwave under different storage conditions.In the text,the moisture content,the freshness indexes(volatile basic nitrogen content,biogenic amine content,acid value and malondialdehyde content)and hygienic index(total mold count and total bacterial count)were monitored to investigate the quality change of black soldier fly larvae dried by microwave during storage under natural environment,high temperature and humidity environment(40℃and 85%RH),and low temperature environment(10℃and 40%RH),respectively.The results showed that,when the black soldier fly larvae dried by microwave stored under the condition of natural environment and low temperature environment,the water contents,freshness,amino acid contents and total mold counts had not significantly changed,the water activities increased but less than 0.6,and the total bacterial count increased but met the limits of GB/T 13078—2017“Hygienical standard for feeds”.when the black soldier fly larvae dried by microwave stored under the condition of high temperature and humidity environment,the water contents,water activities,total mold counts and MDA contents were increased rapidly,and the volatile basic nitrogen content increased first and then decreased.High temperature and humidity environment was unfavourable for the storage of the black soldier fly larvae dried by microwave.Therefore,if the temperature of the storage environment is less than 28℃and the relative humidity of the storage environment is less than 55%,the quality of the black soldier fly larvae dried by microwave and sealed by PVC packaging will not change significantly for at least 5 months.