基于多指标成分定量和化学模式识别综合评价杜仲叶质量

Comprehensive quality evaluation of Eucommiae Folium through multi-component content analysis and chemical pattern recognition

通过建立HPLC指纹图谱及多成分含量测定方法,运用层次分析法(analytic hierarchy process,AHP)建立一种中药多指标综合评价杜仲叶质量的方法,并优选最佳采收期。采用HPLC法测定杜仲叶中绿原酸、京尼平苷酸、松脂醇二葡萄糖苷、芦丁、槲皮素5种指标性成分的含量;紫外分光光度(UV)法测定总黄酮含量;按《中国药典》测定醇溶性浸出物的含量。研究结果显示:杜仲叶中总黄酮含量在8月达到最高,绿原酸含量在6月达最大值,松脂醇二葡萄糖苷与芦丁含量在9月含量最高,综合得分较高的月份为6月、8~11月。通过主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)、正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析(orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis,OPLS-DA),比较杜仲叶中多种化学成分的含量差异,发现杜仲叶在不同采收时期,各成分含量差异大。本研究为优选杜仲叶采收时间建立了一种整体、全面的综合评分模型,可根据具体使用需求,对其中单一或者多个化学成分指标的权重进行主观调整,进而能够更好地指导实际生产与应用;所建立的HPLC指纹图谱及多成分含量测定方法简单易行,为杜仲叶质量控制和开发利用提供参考。

The analytic hierarchy process(AHP)was utilized to establish a comprehensive evaluation methodology involving multiple indices,aimed at pinpointing the optimal harvest period for Eucommiae Folium(EF).An HPLC method was developed for the simultaneous determination of five components,including chlorogenic acid,geniposide acid,pinoresinol diglucoside,rutin and quercetin.The content of total flavonoids was measured using ultraviolet spectrophotometry(UV),whereas the alcoholic extract content adhered to the criteria outlined in the Chinese Pharmacopeia.It was observed that the highest levels of total flavone occurred in August,chlorogenic acid peaked in June,and pinoresinol diglucoside and rutin reached their highest levels in September.Months with high comprehensive scores were identified as June and August through November.Principal component analysis(PCA)and orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA)were employed to compare the contents of the five components in EF,indicating substantial differences during various harvest times.In this study,an overall and comprehensive scoring model was established to optimize the harvesting time of EF.Furthermore,it was noted that weights for single or multiple chemical composition indexes could be adjusted subjectively based on specific usage needs to better guide actual production and application.Moreover,the validated HPLC fingerprint methodology coupled with the assessment of multi-component content represents a streamlined yet practicable strategy,furnishing invaluable insights for quality assurance protocols and informing the strategic exploration and utilization of EF resources.