籼稻种质资源A232抗三化螟的相关特性分析

Analysis of main resistance characteristics of indica rice A232 to Tryporyza incertulas

比较抗螟与感螟水稻种质在农艺性状、维管束结构、营养物质含量方面的差异,可为解析水稻品种的抗螟机理提供参考。以抗螟籼稻种质A232、感螟对照F77及杂交稻冈优188为材料,通过盆栽试验考察供试材料对三化螟抗性的差异及主要农艺性状的差异;用显微测量法比较供试材料维管束性状的差异;分别测定供试材料的还原糖、总糖及氮、磷、钾含量。结果表明:A232对三化螟表现中抗,其鞘维管束间距、茎秆直径、小维管束间距、茎大维管束直径均极显著低于感螟对照F77;除A232的还原糖含量显著低于F77与冈优188外,3种供试材料的总糖、氮、磷、钾含量差异均不显著。经综合分析,抗螟种质A232分蘖力较强、株高较矮、叶鞘较短、小维管束排列更紧密,植株还原糖含量较低,这些特点有利于抵抗或减轻三化螟幼虫为害。

This article serves as a reference for analyzing the resistance mechanism of rice varieties to yellow stem borer by comparing the differences between stem borer-resistant and stem borer-susceptible rice varieties in terms of agronomic traits,vascular bundle structure,and nutrient content.The resistant indica rice A232,the susceptible control F77,and the hybrid rice Gangyou 188 were used as materials to investigate the differences in resistance to Tryporyza incertulas and major agronomic traits through a potted plant experiment.The distance and diameter between the sheath and the vascular bundle were compared by microscopic measurements.The contents of reducing sugar,total sugars,and N,P,and K were determined by 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid colorimetric method,Kjeldahl method,alum molybdenum yellow colorimetric method,and flame photometer.The results showed that A232 was moderately resistant to yellow stem borer,and its sheath vascular bundle spacing,stem diameter,small vascular bundle spacing,and stem large vascular bundle diameter were significantly lower than F77(CK).The contents of total sugar,N,P,and K were not significantly different among the tested materials,except that the reducing sugar content of A232 was significantly lower than that of F77(CK)and Gangyou 188.Following a comprehensive analysis,it was determined that the borer-resistant germplasm A232 had a stronger tillering ability,a shorter plant height,a shorter leaf sheath,a tighter arrangement of small vascular bundles,and a lower reducing sugar content,which were conducive to resisting or reducing the damage caused by S.incertulas larvae.