国审4个漯麦品种重要性状功能基因KASP检测与分析

KASP Detection and Analysis of Functional Genes of Important Traits in Four National-Approved Luomai Varieties

利用KASP标记对4个国审小麦品种(漯麦163、漯麦47、漯麦49和漯麦36)的重要性状(包括光周期、粒重、品质、穗发芽、抗旱抗病等)功能基因的组成进行分子检测。结果表明,4个小麦品种均含有矮秆基因Rht-D1b、熟期株高相关等位变异TaPRR73-A1和TaPRR73-B1、光周期敏感等位基因Ppd-A1b和光周期迟钝等位基因Ppd-D1a、高千粒重等位变异TaGS5-Ala、高粒数优异变异基因Hap-7A-3、优质亚基基因Ax1/Ax2*、高脂肪氧化酶活性等位变异Lox-B1a、抗穗发芽基因Rio Blanco type和TaSdr-B1a、木质素含量高的优异等位基因COMT-3Ba,均占比100%。硬质基因型Pinb-D1b、高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(5+10)、抗条锈病基因Yr78和抗叶锈病基因Lr16在4个品种中的利用程度较高。未检出高千粒重等位基因Hap-A、穗粒数优异等位变异基因TaMoc-7A、籽粒硬度基因Pina-D1b/Null、Pinb-B2b、抗旱基因1-fehw3、抗白粉病基因Pm21、抗叶锈病基因Lr46和Lr48。该研究明确了4个漯麦品种的重要性状功能基因,为品种有效利用提供了重要的参考依据。

Four national-approved wheat varieties(Luomai 163,Luomai 47,Luomai 49,and Luomai 36)were examined for the presence of key functional genes,such as photoperiod,grain weight,quality,spike sprouting,drought and disease resistance by using KASP marker detection.The results showed that,the four wheat varieties contained dwarfing gene Rht-D1b,allelic variants TaPRR73-A1 and TaPRR73-B1 related to plant height at maturity,photoperiod sensitive allele Ppd-A1b,photoperiod insensitive allele Ppd-Dla,high 1000-grain weight allele TaGS5-Ala,high grain number excellent variant Hap-7A-3,high quality subunit gene Ax1/Ax2*related to quality,high lipoxygenase activity allele Lox-B1a,anti-sprouting gene Rio Blanco type and TaSdr-B1a,and high lignin content excellent allele COMT-3Ba,all accounting for 100%.The utilization of hard genotype Pinb-D1b,high molecular weight glutenin subunit(5+10),stripe rust resistance gene Yr78 and leaf rust resistance gene Lr16 were higher in the four cultivars.High 1000-grain weight allele Hap-A,good allele variant of grain number per spike TaMoc-7A,grain hardness gene Pina-D1b/Null,Pinb-B2b,drought resistance gene 1-fehw3,powdery mildew resistance gene Pm21,and leaf rust resistance gene Lr46 and Lr48 were not detected.The findings of four significant characteristic functional genes of wheat varieties offered crucial reference information for the practical use of upcoming varieties.