超临界气体炮发射装置内弹道建模与数值分析

Internal Ballistic Modeling and Numerical Analysis of Supercritical Gas Gun Launch Device

超临界二氧化碳相变发射是当前武器发射领域研究热点之一,为进一步扩展超临界气体炮发射的研究,基于高压发射技术和气体炮的基本原理,确立超临界相变发射装置的总体方案,对超临界态二氧化碳与火药燃气的换热过程进行拟合。以弹体发射速度为目标,根据热力学方程与内弹道方程,得到初始压力变化规律,建立了超临界相变气体炮发射模型。基于Fluent对超临界相变发射流场变化进行了研究,分析了相变发射装置内气流速度变化,得到了初始压力和弹体质量对弹体出口速度的影响规律以及弹体在不同运动时刻周边流体域的变化情况,总结了经验公式。与实验结果对比表明:设计的超临界相变发射方案符合弹体预定的发射指标,流体仿真模型可靠。

Supercritical carbon dioxide phase change launch is one of the current research hotspots in the field of weapon launch.In order to further expand the research on supercritical gas gun launch,this paper establishes the overall plan of the supercritical phase change launch device based on high-pressure launch technology and the basic principles of gas guns,and fits the heat exchange process between supercritical carbon dioxide and gunpowder gas.A supercritical phase change gas gun launch model was established based on the thermodynamic equation and internal ballistic equation,with the target of projectile launch speed,to obtain the initial pressure change law.Based on Fluent,the changes in the flow field of supercritical phase change launch were studied,and the changes in airflow velocity inside the phase change launch device were analyzed.The influence of initial pressure and projectile mass on the exit velocity of the projectile was obtained,as well as the changes in the sur-rounding fluid domain of the projectile at different motion times.Empirical formulas were summarized.The comparison with experimental results shows that the designed supercritical phase transition launch scheme meets the predetermined launch indicators of the projectile,and the fluid simulation model is reliable.