电磁辐射环境下作业人员中医体质分布及影响因素分析

Analysis of the distribution and influencing factors of traditional Chinese medicine constitution among workers in an electromagnetic radiation environment

目的调查电磁辐射环境下作业人员中医体质的分布情况和影响因素,为各类体质预测辐射损伤发生和防护提供依据。方法采用整群抽样法,抽取307例电磁辐射环境驻地作业人员作为研究对象,调查其一般情况、既往病史、生活习惯等;采用《中医体质量表》及《中医体质分类与判定》标准对研究对象进行中医体质辨识;采用单因素分析、logistic回归多因素分析探究年龄、婚姻状况、体型、既往病史和电磁辐射暴露对研究对象中医体质分布的影响。结果研究对象中平和质者158人,占比51.5%,偏颇体质者149人,占比48.5%,而在偏颇体质者中以阴虚质、气虚质、痰湿质、湿热质人数占比较高。单因素分析结果显示,不同体质研究对象的年龄、婚姻状况、体型、既往病史和电磁辐射暴露情况的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。logistic回归分析结果发现,电磁辐射暴露(OR=2.320)、既往病史(OR=3.182)是研究对象偏颇体质的危险因素(P<0.05)。将研究对象按电磁辐射暴露存在与否进行分组,发现电磁辐射暴露组中平和质人数比例显著低于非暴露组,偏颇体质人数比例显著高于非暴露组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其中,电磁辐射暴露组偏颇体质研究对象中,阴虚质、气虚质、湿热质人数比例显著高于非暴露组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论电磁辐射暴露和既往病史是影响电磁辐射环境驻地作业人员偏颇体质的主要危险因素,电磁辐射环境下易出现阴虚质、气虚质、湿热质。因此基于“治未病”学说,提倡“未病先防”,可采用清热祛湿、益气养阴的方法调理体质,预防辐射损伤的发生。

Objective To investigate the distribution and influencing factors of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)constitution among workers in electromagnetic radiation environments,aiming to provide a basis for all kinds of constitution to predict the occurrence and protection of radiation damage.Methods A total of 307 workers stationed in electromagnetic radiation environments were selected as research participants using cluster sampling.Their general conditions,medical histories,and living habits were surveyed.The TCM constitution of the participants was identified using the TCM Constitution Scale and the TCM Constitution Classification and Determination standards.Univariate analysis and logistic regression multivariate analysis were used to explore the impact of age,marital status,body type,medical history,and electromagnetic radiation exposure on the TCM constitution distribution of the participants.Results Among the participants,there were 158 with a normal constitution,accounting for 51.5%,and 149 with a biased constitution,accounting for 48.5%.Among those with a biased constitution,the proportions of yin-deficiency,qi-deficiency,phlegm-dampness,and damp-heat constitutions remain high.Univariate analysis showed significant differences in age,marital status,body type,medical history,and electromagnetic radiation exposure among participants with different constitutions(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis found that electromagnetic radiation exposure(OR=2.320)and medical history(OR=3.182)were risk factors for a biased constitution among the participants(P<0.05).When the participants were grouped according to the presence or absence of electromagnetic radiation exposure,it was found that the proportion of participants with a normal constitution in the exposed group was significantly lower than in the non-exposed group,and the proportion of participants with a biased constitution was significantly higher in the exposed group(P<0.05).Among the participants with a biased constitution in the exposed group,the proportions of yin-deficiency,qi-deficiency,and damp-heat constitutions were significantly higher than in the non-exposed group(P<0.05).Conclusion Electromagnetic radiation exposure and medical history are the main risk factors affecting the biased constitution of workers stationed in electromagnetic radiation environments,with a propensity for yin-deficiency,qi-deficiency,and damp-heat constitutions in such environments.Therefore,based on the preventive treatment concept,advocating prevention before disease onset and using methods to clear heat and remove dampness,and to tonify qi and nourish yin to adjust the constitution can prevent the occurrence of radiation damage.