企业食品安全合规建设研究:以食品召回制度为视角

Compliance Construction of Enterprise Food Safety Governance:from the Perspective of Food Recall System

作为食品安全治理的一个重要方式,食品召回制度与企业合规建设密切相关,二者均以风险预防为核心、以履行合规义务为基础,都可作为行政激励的依据。实践中,企业食品安全治理合规建设存在食品企业召回动力不足、政府监管方式和广度不够等问题。政府监管在食品召回全过程均承担重要监管职责,召回前阶段倾向食品质量安全监管,召回中阶段侧重对企业是否严格实施召回计划的监督,召回后阶段主要对企业施加相应法律责任。为此,在企业食品安全合规建设中,应构建以行政监管为指导的合规体系,需要行政机关引导企业制定企业食品安全治理合规计划、纠正和处罚从业者怠于合规建设的行为及以监管激励为契机激活企业自主合规建设能力等。

As an important way of food safety governance,the food recall system is closely related to enterprise compliance construction.Taking risk prevention as the core and fulfillment of compliance obligations as the basis,both can be used as the basis for administrative incentives.In practice,there are problems in the compliance construction of enterprise food safety governance,such as insufficient food recall motivation and insufficient government supervision methods and breadth.Government supervision assumes important supervision responsibilities in the whole food recall process.In the pre-recall stage,there is a tendency toward food quality and safety supervision,and the mid-recall stage focuses on supervising whether enterprises strictly implement the recall plan.In the post-recall stage,corresponding legal responsibilities are mainly imposed on enterprises.In light of this,for the construction of food safety compliance in enterprises,a compliance system with government supervision as the guidance should be built;administrative organs should guide enterprises to formulate compliance plans for food safety governance,correct and punish practitioners who are idle in compliance construction,and take regulatory incentives as an opportunity to stimulate enterprises’independent compliance construction capability.