河口微塑料对抗生素抗性基因的影响研究进展

Research progress on the effect of estuary microplastics on antibiotic resistance genes

河口是河流和海洋环境之间过渡的人类活动频繁和充满活力的地区,人类活动产生的污染物使河口生态系统受到威胁。其中,微塑料和抗生素抗性基因作为新型污染物因对河口生物和人类健康具有潜在影响而受到广泛关注。微塑料可以形成独特的生物膜,吸附周围环境中的污染物,为抗生素抗性基因提供潜在宿主,并促进抗生素抗性基因的水平转移。本文综述了微塑料和抗生素抗性基因在河口地区的污染现状,并重点强调了微塑料上形成的生物膜对抗生素抗性基因的富集、运输和转移产生的影响,提出了现有研究中微塑料采样、分析方法和表述单位不同等不足,并对微塑料的生物降解技术和微塑料的潜在风险评估进行展望。

Estuaries are transitional zones between rivers and marine environments,with intensive human activities.Pollutants pose a threat to the ecological systems of estuaries.Among these pollutants,microplastics and antibiotic resistant genes have gained significant attention due to their potential impacts on estuarine organisms and human health.Microplastics can form unique biofilms,adsorb pollutants from the surrounding environment,and provide potential hosts for antibiotic resistant genes,with positive consequence on horizontal gene transfer of antibiotic resistance.We provided an overview of the pollution status of microplastics and antibiotic resistant genes in estuarine areas,with a particular emphasis on the influence of biofilms formed on microplastics on the enrichment,transport,and transfer of antibiotic resistant genes.We also highlighted the limitations in current research,regarding microplastic sampling,analysis methods,and inconsistent reporting units.Furthermore,we proposed prospects for the biodegradation of microplastics and potential risk assessment of microplastic biofilms.