信息-知识-信念-行为(IKAP)理论干预对慢性腹泻患儿心理情绪和健康行为的影响

Effect of IKAP theory intervention on psychological emotion and health behavior in children with chronic diarrhea

目的:探讨信息-知识-信念-行为(IKAP)理论干预对慢性腹泻患儿心理情绪和健康行为的影响。方法:按照入院先后将某院2020年10月-2022年11月收治的92例慢性腹泻患儿分为对照组(n=46,常规干预)和观察组(n=46,IKAP理论干预+常规干预);对比两组患者干预前后心理情绪[正性负性情绪量表(PANAS)]、健康行为[健康促进生活方式量表Ⅱ(HPLP-II)]、胃肠功能恢复时间、依从性和营养指标[总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(Alb)、血红蛋白(HB)]。结果:干预后,观察组正性情绪评分高于对照组(t=5.903,P<0.05),观察组负性情绪评分低于对照组(t=-11.001,P<0.05)。干预后,观察组HPLP-Ⅱ量表人际关系、运动锻炼、自我实现、压力管理、健康责任、营养各维度得分及总分均高于对照组(t=3.887,2.434,2.831,3.535,3.704,3.754,8.158;P<0.05)。观察组肠鸣音恢复时间、腹胀消失时间、腹痛消失时间及腹泻消失时间均短于对照组(t=-7.852,-18.600,-18.110,-11.523;P<0.05)。干预后,两组不喝生水、饭前便后洗手、不偏食、口服补液率依从性均升高(P<0.05),且观察组均高于对照组(2=4.38,7.256,4.039,5.059;P<0.05)。干预后,观察组TP、Alb、HB水平高于对照组(t=3.555,5.764,2.442;P<0.05)。结论:慢性腹泻患儿给予IKAP理论干预效果显著,可改善患儿心理情绪,提高健康行为水平,促进胃肠功能恢复,提高依从性和营养状况。

Objective:To explore the effect of information-knowledge-belief-behavior(IKAP)theory intervention on psychological emotion and health behavior in children with chronic diarrhea.Methods:According to the admission sequence,92 children with chronic diarrhea admitted in our hospital from October 2020 to November 2022 were divided into control group(n=46,routine intervention)and observation group(n=46,IKAP theoretical intervention+routine intervention).The psychological emotion[PANAS],health behavior[HPLP-II],gastrointestinal function recovery time,compliance and nutritional index[TP,Alb,HB]were compared between the two groups before and after intervention.Results:After intervention,the scores of positive emotion in PANAS were significantly higher in both groups(P<0.05),and the observation group was higher than that in the control group(t=5.903,P<0.05).The scores of negative emotion in both groups decreased(P<0.05),and the observation group was lower than that in the control group(t=-11.001,P<0.05).After intervention,the scores and total scores of HPLP-Ⅱin interpersonal relationship,exercise,self-realization,pressure management,health responsibility and nutrition were higher in both groups than those before intervention(P<0.05),and the observation group were higher than those in control group(t=3.887,2.434,2.831,3.535,3.704,3.754,8.158;P<0.05).The recovery time of bowel sound,abdominal distension,abdominal pain and diarrhea in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group(t=-7.852,-18.600,-18.110,-11.523;P<0.05).After intervention,the compliance rate of not drinking raw water,washing hands before and after defecation,not partial food and oral rehydration increased in both groups(P<0.05),and the observation group was higher than that in the control group(χ^(2)=4.38,7.256,4.039,5.059;P<0.05).After intervention,the levels of TP,Alb and HB in the two groups increased(P<0.05),and the levels of the observation group were higher than those in the control group(t=3.555,5.764,2.442;P<0.05).Conclusion:IKAP theory has significant effect on children with chronic diarrhea,which can improve children's psychological mood,improve health behavior,promote gastrointestinal function recovery,improve compliance and nutritional status.