孕期多溴二苯醚暴露与妊娠期糖尿病关系研究进展

Research progress on the relationship between polybrominated diphenyl ethers exposure during pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus

妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)全球患病率约14.0%,其发病率呈快速增长趋势。多溴二苯醚(PBDEs)是一种重要的环境内分泌干扰物,由于其优异的阻燃性以及低廉的价格被广泛添加到工业部门、装饰材料、家具和电子产品中,在各种环境介质(空气、水、土壤、沉积物)、食品以及动物和人体(血液、母乳、毛发和脂肪)中均可检测到。研究发现,孕期PBDEs暴露与GDM的发生存在相关性。现对孕期孕产妇PBDEs暴露情况,孕期PBDEs暴露与GDM发生的相关性以及可能的作用机制进行综述,为GDM的病因学研究提供参考,为制定公共卫生政策及孕产妇保健策略奠定理论基础。

The global prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)is approximately 14.0%,and its incidence is increasing rapidly.Polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs)are significant environmental endocrine disruptors widely added to industrial sectors,decorative materials,furniture,and electronic products due to their excellent flame retardancy and low cost.They can be detected in various environmental media(air,water,soil,sediment),food,and animal and human body(blood,breast milk,hair,and fat).Studies have found a correlation between PBDEs exposure during pregnancy and the occurrence of GDM.This article reviews the exposure to PBDEs among pregnant women during pregnancy,the correlation between PBDEs exposure during pregnancy and the occurrence of GDM,and possible mechanisms of action,providing a reference for etiological research on GDM and laying a theoretical foundation for the formulation of public health policies and maternal health strategies.