“双碳”目标下流域国土空间规划响应的理论逻辑与治理框架

Theoretical Logic and Governance Framework of Territorial Spatial Planning Response in Watersheds under the“Dual Carbon”Goal

随着国家对不同尺度绿色低碳可持续发展的日益重视,保障“双碳”目标下流域尺度国土空间低碳规划的顺利实施将至关重要。文章立足流域国土空间规划中碳库要素提取复杂、碳监测评估体系缺失、空间优化方案单一和低碳响应机制滞后等现实困境,提出了由“规划顶层设计”到“管控实施应对”的国土空间规划降碳增汇理论逻辑体系。在此基础上,构建了一套响应“双碳”目标的流域国土空间规划治理框架,具体包括:①完善流域碳源—碳汇本底梳理与空间计量,摸底国土空间碳收支总量;②定位流域碳失衡现状,评估水生态优先的“双碳”目标需求;③规划流域国土空间碳平衡模拟技术,执行“城镇—农业—生态”主体功能协同的碳平衡规划方案;④推进水网跨域协调运营与碳库补偿反馈,落实流域国土空间碳效益实施保障机制。

As national attention increasingly focuses on green,low-carbon sustainable development across various scales,it will be very important to ensure the successful implementation of low-carbon spatial planning in watershed territories under the"dual carbon"goal.This paper focuses on the challenges within the context of watershed urban territorial spatial planning,including difficulties in carbon pool element extraction,the lack of carbon monitoring and assessment system,limited spatial optimization strategies,and delayed low-carbon response mechanisms.It proposes a theoretical logic system for carbon emission reduction and carbon sink enhancement in spatial planning,spanning from"top-level planning design"to"control and implementation response".Based on the above,it establishes a governance framework for watershed spatial planning aligned with the"dual carbon"goal,which includes:1)It should improve the baseline assessment and spatial quantification of carbon sources and sinks in watersheds,and finds out the total carbon budget of territorial spaces.2)It should identify the current carbon imbalance in watersheds and assess the"dual carbon"goal with a priority to water ecology.3)It should plan the carbon balance simulations in territorial spaces of watersheds,implement a coordinated carbon balance strategy across the primary functions of urban,agricultural,and ecological areas.4)It should promote cross-regional coordination of water networks and feedback mechanisms for carbon pool compensation,ensure the implementation of carbon efficiency guarantee mechanism in territorial spatial planning of watershed.