超大型城市重要农产品保供战略举措分析——以北京市为例

Research on Strategic Measures to Ensure the Supply of Important Agricultural Products in Super Large Cities under the New Development Pattern

加快构建鲜活、优质农产品“地产、地销”新格局,是超大型城市实现食物消费结构与土地利用结构相衔接,形成供需良性循环的关键之举。本文以北京市为例,基于北京市重要农产品供求现状,在剖析北京市农业生产供给潜力及制约因素的基础上提出促进北京市重要农产品稳产保供的对策建议。研究认为,北京市具有强劲的消费需求、潜在的供给能力、快捷的交通优势和坚实的科技支撑,大力发展鲜活、优质农产品规模化品牌化生产,潜力巨大。但目前仍存在鲜活、优质农产品占比低,产业链供应链不完整,农业多功能作用尚未恢复,农民增收就业渠道不足以及土地承包关系不稳定等难题。为满足居民高品质农产品需求,提升北京市农业自给质量和效益,本文提出,要从生产推动转向消费引领、从产量增长转向质量提升、从传统产销转向全产业链发展、从单一生产转向农业多功能开发,扩大鲜活、优质农产品供应占比,推进鲜活、优质农产品全产业链供应链建设,倾斜设施农业用地配套和农业建设用地供应,资金投入政策支持优先保障,对耕地流转费用实行限高,鼓励长期租赁等措施建议。

Accelerating the development of a new model for"Local Produltion for Local consumption"of fresh and high-quality agricultural products is a crucial step for major cities to align the food consumption structure with the land use structure and establish a sustainable cycle of supply and demand.Taking Beijing as an example,based on the supply and demand status of important agricultural products in Beijing,this paper analyzes the supply potential and restrictive factors of agricultural production in Beijing,and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to promote the stable production and supply of important agricultural products in Beijing.The research believes that Beijing has strong consumer demand,potential supply capacity,fast transportation advantages and solid scientific and technological support,and it has great potential to vigorously develop large-scale brand production of fresh and high-quality agricultural products.However,there are still problems such as the low proportion of fresh and high-quality agricultural products,incomplete industrial chain and supply chain,the multi-functional role of agriculture has not been restored,insufficient channels for farmers to increase their income and employment,and unstable land contract relations.In order to meet the demand of residents for high-quality agricultural products and improve the quality and efficiency of agricultural self-sufficiency in Beijing,this paper proposes shifting from production promotion to consumption leadership,from output growth to quality improvement,from traditional production and marketing to the development of the entire industrial chain,from single production to multi-functional agriculture development,expanding the supply proportion of fresh and high-quality agricultural products,promoting the supply chain construction of the whole industrial chain of fresh and high-quality agricultural products,ensuring the supply of land for facility agriculture and agricultural construction,giving priority to capital investment policyt,limiting the transfer cost of cultivated land and encouraging long-term lease.