不同品种警犬肠道菌群的比较研究

Comparative of Gut Microbiota in Diff erent Breeds of Police Dogs

本研究通过对比分析拉布拉多巡回犬(Labrador Retriever)和比利时马里努阿犬(Belgian Malinois)的肠道菌群,旨在探寻与警犬的生长发育和工作性能相关的关键性微生物物种。采用高通量测序技术对两种警犬的肠道菌群的16S rRNA基因进行测序,然后利用生物信息学分析技术对比研究两个品种警犬肠道的微生物群落结构。通过对测序数据进行降噪分析,总共获得了1819499条高质量的有效序列,平均测序长度为411 bp。然后通过97%的序列相似性进行操作分类单元(OUT)聚类,总共获得了包括17个门,25个纲,67个目,122个科和122个属的细菌。首先进行Alpha多样性分析,发现拉布拉多巡回犬的肠道菌群的丰度和多样性都明显高于比利时马里努阿犬,然后再通过主坐标分析(PCoA)方法进行Beta多样性分析,发现拉布拉多巡回犬和比利时马里努阿犬的肠道菌群分别形成了不同的分类簇。物种组成分析结果表明,警犬的肠道微生物在门分类水平主要是由厚壁菌门(Firmicutes,平均占比24.33%)、梭杆菌门(Fusobacteroidetes,平均占比23.45%)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes,平均占比23.29%)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria,平均占比16.06%)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria,平均占比6.65%)和弯曲杆菌门(Actinobacteria,平均占比5.19%)组成;在属分类水平则是主要由梭杆菌属(Fusobacterium,平均占比22.56%),普氏菌属(Prevotella,平均占比12.79%)、厌氧螺菌属(Anaerobiospirillum,平均占比9.23%)、巨单胞菌属(Megamonas,平均占比7.25%)和棒状杆菌属(Corynebacterium,平均占比4.88%)等组成。本研究通过高通量测序技术对比分析了两个品种警犬的肠道菌群的结构特征和物种组成,可以为开发宠物益生菌等相关产品提供研究思路和数据支持。

The key microbial species related to the growth,development and working performance of police dogs were explored in the present study through the comparative study of the intestinal fl ora structures of Labrador Retriever and Belgian Malinois.The 16S rRNA gene of the intestinal fl ora of the two breeds of police dogs was sequenced by high-throughput sequencing technology and then the community structures of the intestinal microorganisms were compared by bioinformatics analysis.A total of 1819499 valid and 525679915 bases with an average length of 411 bp were obtained from the sequencing.By classifying with 97%sequence similarity,the clustered operational taxonomic units(OTUs)were all classifi ed into 17 phyla,25 classes,67 orders,122 families and 119 genera of the bacterial domain.At the phylum level,the most predominant gut microbial communities of the detection dogs were comprised of Firmicutes(24.33%),Fusobacteriota(23.45%),Bacteroidetes(23.29%),Proteobacteria(16.06%),Actinobacteriota(6.65%)and Campilobacterota(5.19%).At the genus level,the most predominant gut microbial communities were made up of Fusobacterium(22.56%),Prevotella(12.79%),Anaerobiospirillum(9.23%),Megamonas(7.25%)and Corynebacterium(4.88%)and so on.This study compared and analyzed the structural characteristics and core species composition of intestinal microorganisms of two breeds of police dogs through high-throughput sequencing technology,which provided research ideas and data support for the development of pet probiotics and other related products.