睡前1小时屏幕内容对大学生夜晚睡眠质量的影响

Intervention effects of bedtime screen use content on nighttime sleep quality among college students with high sedentary behavior

目的 探讨睡前1 h基于屏幕久坐行为的不同屏幕内容对大学生夜间睡眠质量的影响,为指导大学生养成健康睡眠习惯提供依据。方法 2024年3月1—15日,通过学生社交媒体群组或招募海报在首都体育学院招募40名大学生,采用单盲完全随机分组实验设计随机分为电视/电影流媒体组(n=10)、电子游戏组(n=10)、在线冲浪/社交组(n=10)、助眠类视频组(n=10)4组。采用国际体力活动问卷简表(IPAQ-SF)、自评抑郁量表(SDS)和自评焦虑量表(SAS)分别测量大学生实验前的身体活动和情绪状态水平。在为期5 d的实验中,受试者在睡前1 h观看不同的屏幕内容,在干预前后收集受试者的匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)、睡眠时长、入睡时间和起床时间。使用配对样本t检验比较干预前后组内差异,使用单因素方差分析进行组间的横向比较。结果 在干预前后的组内纵向比较中,电视/电影流媒体(5.40±0.70,6.30±0.67)组和在线冲浪/社交(5.50±0.97,6.20±0.63)组的PSQI评分均有升高(t值分别为-3.86,-2.33,P值均<0.05),助眠类视频组的PSQI评分(5.80±0.92,4.90±0.74)降低(t=3.25,P<0.05),电子游戏组PSQI评分(5.60±0.84,5.80±0.79)差异无统计学意义(t=-0.69,P>0.05)。在干预后组间横向比较中,助眠类视频组的PSQI评分(4.90±0.74)、入睡时间(0:25±0.24 h)、睡眠效率[(81.83±5.40)%]均优于其余3组[PSQI:6.30±0.67,5.80±0.79,6.20±0.63;入睡时间:1:31±0.36 h, 00:56±0.56 h, 01:22±0.54 h;睡眠效率:(72.60±5.00)%,(75.50±4.43)%,(74.80±5.20)%](F值分别为8.00,6.61,19.00),睡眠时长优于电视/电影流媒体组和在线冲浪/社交组[(7.30±0.68)(6.20±0.26)(6.36±0.64)h](F=6.61)(P值均<0.01)。结论 睡前1 h不同屏幕内容的屏幕久坐行为对睡眠质量影响不同。电视/电影流媒体和在线冲浪/社交的屏幕内容会降低睡眠质量,观看助眠类视频可能提高睡眠质量,玩电子游戏不会改变当前睡眠质量。

Objective To explore the effects of different screen content on the nighttime sleep quality of college students based on screen time 1 h before bedtime,so as to provide a basis for healthy sleep habits.Methods From March 1 to 15,2024,40 college students were recruited from Capital Institute of Physical Education through student social media groups or recruitment posters,and were randomly assigned to TV/movie streaming group(n=10),video game group(n=10),online surfing/social networking group(n=10),sleep aid video group(n=10)by single-blind randomized experimental design.The International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form(IPAQ-SF),Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)and Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)were used to measure the physical activity and emotional state levels of college students before the experiment.In the 5-day experiment,participants watched different screen content 1 h before sleep,then Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),sleep duration,sleep latency and wake-up time were collected before and after the intervention.A paired sample t-test was used to compare the differences within groups before and after the intervention,and one-way analysis of variance was used for horizontal comparison between groups.Results In the longitudinal within-group comparisons before and after the intervention,there was an increase in PSQI scores in the TV/movie strearming(5.40±0.70,6.30±0.67)and online surfing/social networking(5.50±0.97,6.20±0.63)groups(t=-3.86,-2.33,P<0.05)and the sleep aid video group(5.80±0.92,4.90±0.74)with a decrease in PSQI scores(t=3.25,P<0.05),and the difference in PSQI scores in the video game group(5.60±0.84,5.80±0.79)was not statistically significant(t=-0.69,P>0.05).In the post-intervention cross-sectional comparison between groups,the sleep aid video group had better PSQI scores(4.90±0.74;6.30±0.67,5.80±0.79,6.20±0.63),sleep latency(0:25±0.24 h,1:31±0.36 h,00:56±0.56 h,01:22±0.54 h)and sleep efficiency[(81.83±5.40)%;(72.60±5.00)%,(75.50±4.43)%,(74.80±5.20)%]than the other 3 groups(F=8.00,6.61,19.00)and better sleep duration than the TV/movie strearming group and the online surfing/social networking group[(7.30±0.68)(6.20±0.26)(6.36±0.64)h](F=6.61)(P<0.01).Conclusions Bedtime screen use with different screen contents affects sleep quality differently.The screen content of TV/movie streaming and online surfing/socialising reduced sleep quality,whereas watching sleep aiding videos may improve sleep quality,while playing video games shows no effects on sleep quality.