高频超声在极微型唇裂诊断中的应用与影像学特征分析

Application of High Frequency Ultrasound in Diagnosis and Treatment of Mini-microform Cleft Lip

目的:探讨高频超声在极微型唇裂诊断和治疗中的应用价值。方法:根据纳入排除标准收集12例极微型唇裂患儿的临床资料,男10例,女2例,平均年龄2.6岁,所有患儿在术前拍摄正面照片并行高频超声检查,测量并评价皮下结缔组织与口轮匝肌浅层厚度、口轮匝肌深层厚度、口轮匝肌的交叉纤维束厚度和角度等各项指标。结果:高频超声下可见红唇与人中嵴凹陷,患侧上唇口轮匝肌浅层与皮下结缔组织层可见不规则低回声,浅层口轮匝肌层厚度较健侧薄(P=0.005);深层口轮匝肌及结缔组织均未见明显的异常回声。患侧口轮匝肌交叉纤维束与水平参考线之间的角度较健侧大(P<0.001)。结论:通过高频超声检查可显示极微型唇裂患者上唇皮下结缔组织与口轮匝肌的异常,为制定个体化治疗方案提供参考依据。

Objective:To investigate the value of high-frequency ultrasound in the diagnosis and treatment of mini-microform cleft lip.Methods:Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria,data from 12 patients with mini-microform cleft lip were collected,in which 10 were males and 2 were females,with a mean age of 2.6 years.All patients took frontal photographs and underwent high-frequency ultrasonography prior to surgery.Indicators,such as the thickness of subcutaneous connective tissue and the superficial layer of the orbicularis oris muscle,the deep layer of the orbicularis oris muscle,and the thickness and angle of the cross fiber bundles of the orbicularis oris muscle,were measured and evaluated.Results:High-frequency ultrasound revealed the depression of red lip and midface ridge.Irregular low echoes were seen in the superficial orbicularis oris muscle and subcutaneous connective tissue layer of upper lip on the affected side.The thickness of superficial orbicularis oris muscle layer was significantly thinner than that of the healthy side(P=0.002).No significant abnormal echoes were seen in the deep orbicularis oris muscle and connective tissue.The angle between the crossed fiber bundles of the orbicularis oris muscle and the horizontal reference line was greater on the affected side than on the healthy side(P<0.001).Conclusion:High-frequency ultrasonography can visualize the abnormalities of subcutaneous connective tissue of the upper lip and the orbicularis oris muscle in patients with very mini-microform cleft lip,and the findings can aid in the development of personalized treatment plan.