北京某大学医学院不同类型医学生就业现状与思考

Employment Status and Reflection of Different Types of Medical Students in a Medical College of a University in Beijing

目的了解北京某大学医学院不同类型医学生就业现状及影响因素,为就业及教学管理部门落实好毕业生就业指导工作提出建议。方法于2023年5—10月采用问卷调查法和访谈法对北京某大学医学院的2023年全体毕业生(154名)进行调查,了解不同类型医学生的基本信息、就业满意度、就业意向、实际就业情况及就业满意度影响因素。结果共发放问卷154份,回收有效问卷151份,有效问卷回收率为98.05%。医学生的就业满意度平均分为(3.56±0.79)分,男性医学生的就业满意度平均分为(3.86±0.68)分,高于女性的(3.44±0.81)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同类型及不同学历层次医学生的就业满意度比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);65.6%的毕业生选择留京工作,66.2%的毕业生选择于医疗机构从事临床工作岗位;博士研究生就业率为96.2%,硕士研究生就业率为66.0%。半结构化访谈结果显示,受访学生均认为个人发展是就业时优先考虑的因素,86.7%的被访谈者认为应加强职业规划指导并优化培养模式,57.1%的未就业学生存在“慢就业”现象;外部因素、个人需求、个人能力及家庭因素为就业满意度影响因子,其中个人需求对就业满意度产生显著的负向影响关系,个人能力对就业满意度产生显著的正向影响关系。结论北京某大学医学院不同类型医学生的就业满意度整体较好,博士研究生就业形势良好,但硕士研究生就业形势不容乐观;不同类型医学生就业满意度影响因素多样,需探索改革传统医学教育模式。

Objective To understand the employment status and influencing factors of different types of medical students in a medical college of a university in Beijing,and to provide suggestions for the employment and teaching management departments to implement employment guidance for graduates.Methods A survey was conducted from May to October 2023 using questionnaire and interview methods on all 154 graduates of a medical college of a university in Beijing in 2023,to understand the basic information,employment satisfaction,employment intention,actual employment situation and the influencing factors of employment satisfaction of different types of medical students.Results A total of 154 questionnaires were sent out,and 151 questionnaires were effectively collected,with an effective questionnaire recovery rate of 98.05%.The average score of employment satisfaction of medical students was(3.56±0.79)points,the average score of male medical students was(3.86±0.68)points,which was higher than(3.44±0.81)points of female students,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in employment satisfaction among medical students of different types and educational levels(P>0.05).65.6% of graduates chose to work in Beijing,and 66.2% of graduates chose to work in clinical positions in medical institutions.The employment rate of doctoral students was 96.2% and that of master students was 66.0%.The results of semi-structured interview showed that the interviewed students all thought that personal development was the priority factor in employment,86.7% of interviewees thought that career planning guidance should be strengthened and training mode should be optimized,57.1% of unemployed students had the phenomenon of“slow employment”.External factors,personal demand,personal ability and family factors were the influencing factors of employment satisfaction,in which personal demand had a significant negative impact on employment satisfaction,and personal ability had a significant positive impact on employment satisfaction.Conclusion The employment satisfaction of different types of medical students in a college of a university in Beijing is good on the whole,and the employment situation of doctoral students is good,but the employment situation of master students is not optimistic.There are various factors affecting the employment satisfaction of different types of medical students,so it is necessary to explore and reform the traditional medical education model.