我国儿童心理弹性研究的回顾与展望

Retrospect and Prospects of Researches on Children's Resilience in China

儿童心理弹性发展在西方国家日益成为备受关注的研究领域之一,而我国的相关研究直到2000年左右才开始进行。其概念界定及中文译法存在的差异,留守儿童、流动儿童以及经历地震灾难儿童,成为国内此领域的主要研究对象。在引进国外相关研究工具的基础上,许多学者也开发了具有本土特色的量表。个体、家庭以及家庭外因素是影响我国儿童心理弹性发展的主要因素,而关于儿童心理弹性的干预还没有形成系统。未来要加强概念界定、研究方法、研究内容、理论建构、本土化研究以及干预模式建构等方面的研究。

Research on resilience in the behavioral sciences emerged around the 1970 s and has attracted more and more attention in western countries. However,the psychologists in China did not begin to study it until the 2000s. This paper offers a review of the literature on resilience since the 2000s. There are different definitions of resilience and terminology in western countries,but the Chinese translations of resilience are not consistent. The research focus in China has its own characteristics. The researches mainly focus on migrant children,left-behind children and earthquake-stricken children. While borrowing foreign instruments,the re-searchers have also devised localized scales. Individuals,family,school and society are the main factors in-fluencing the development of children’s resilience. However,the related systematic interventions in China are not yet in place. Future study needs to clarify the definition of resilience by theoretical construction,and focus local designs,research subjects and contents,as well as systematic interventions.