北方某市机场航站楼公共场所健康危害因素分析

Health hazard factors in public places of an airport terminal building in a city in northern China

目的了解北方某市机场航站楼公共场所空气卫生状况及其健康危害因素。方法按照《公共场所卫生检验方法》(GB/T 18204—2013/2014)要求进行现场采样监测或实验室检测,依据《公共场所卫生标准》(GB 9664—9672—1996及GB16153—1996)、《室内空气质量标准》(GB/T 18883—2002)和《公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生规范》(WS 394—2012)对检测结果进行评价。结果机场航站楼不同类型公共场所空气中一氧化碳、甲醛、可吸入颗粒物(PM10)、细菌总数、氨、臭氧、苯及苯系物浓度、风速、照度均符合规定要求,但温度、相对湿度、噪声、二氧化碳浓度存在不同程度的不达标现象。机场咖啡店空气二氧化碳、甲醛和细菌总数明显高于其他类型场所。航站楼集中空调通风系统中空调风管内表面积尘量,送风中PM10、细菌总数及真菌总数均存在不同程度的超标。结论该市机场航站楼内不同类型公共场所存在一些潜在的健康危害因素,主要为噪声、二氧化碳超标和集中空调通风系统卫生学指标不达标。

Objective To understand the air quality in public places of airport terminal building in a city of northern China.Methods The sampling and monitoring or laboratory testing was carried out according to Examination Methods for Public Places(GB/T 18204-2013/2014)and the results were evaluated according to hygienic standards for public places(GB 9664-9672-1996,GB 16153-1996),Indoor Air Quality Standards(GB/T 18883-2002)and Hygienic Specification of Central Airconditioning Ventilation System in Public Buildings(WS 394-2012).Results The concentration of carbon monoxide,formaldehyde,inhalable particulate matter(PM10),total bacterial count,ammonia,ozone,benzene and benzene series in the air,wind speed and illumination all met the prescribed requirements in different types of public places of airport terminal,but temperature,relative humidity,noise and the concentration of carbon dioxide exceeded the standard at different degrees.The concentrations of carbon dioxide and formaldehyde and the total number of bacteria in the air of airport coffee shops were higher than those in other types of public places.In the central air-conditioning ventilation system of the terminal building,the amount of dust in the internal surface of vatilating ducts,PM10,the total number of bacteria and fungi in supplied air exceeded the standards at different levels.Conclusion Some potential health hazard factors,such as noise,carbon dioxide and hygienic indexes for central air-conditioning ventilation system,are found in the public places of the investigated airport terminal.