老年病人使用浅静脉留置针的血管选择

The Choice of Shallow Veins Using Intravenous Catheter System in Aged Patients

目的 探讨老年病人使用浅静脉留置针时置管反应的发生是否与血管管径有关。方法 将232例浅静脉置管的老年病人,按置管静脉部位分为A组(主静脉组)和B组(分支静脉组),B组又分为B1组(管径≥3.0 mm)和B2组(管径<3.0mm),对三组病人置管反应的发生率及发生时间进行对比观察。结果 A组置管反应发生率为27.9%,B组为73.8％,两者比较,P<0.01,差异有极显著性意义;A组于置管后第4天出现置管反应,B组置管后第2天即开始有置管反应。B组中B1组置管反应发生率52.6％,B2组为100.0％,两者比较,P<0.01,差异有极显著性意义;B1组置管反应出现于置管后4-5d,B2组置管反应发生于置管后2-4 d。结论 老年病人留置套管针时其置管反应的发生与血管管径大小有关。为老年病人留置套管针时,应尽可能选择直径≥3.0mm的血管,并科学掌握留置时间。

Objective To study whether the phlebitis is related to the size of the shallow veins inserted with intravenous catheter system in aged patients. Methods Two hundred and thirty-two aged patients were divided into mainvein group (group A) and branch vein group (group B) according to the position of shallow vein inserted with intravenous catheter. The group B was divided into subgroup of the vein diameter ≥3. 0 mm (group B1) and that of the vein diameter <3. 0 mm (group B2). The incidence of phlebitis and the occurrence time of phlebitis were compared among the groups. Results The incidence of phlebitis was 27. 9 % in group A and 73. 8 % in group B, respectively, with the difference being significant (P<0. 01). The phlebitis occurred on 4th day in group A after inserting intravenous catheter into the vein, while the phlebitis in the group B occurred on as early as 2nd day. The incidence of phlebitis was 52. 6 % in the group B] and 100. 0% in the group B2 (P<0. 01). The phlebitis occurred on the day 4 to 5 in the group BI , on the day 2 to 4 in the group B2 after intravenous catheter was inserted into the vein. Conclusion The incidence of phlebitis is related to the size of the vein inserted with intravenous catheter in aged patients. It may be helpful to choose the shallow vein with diameter over 3 mm as possible as we can when we use intravenous catheter system for the aged patients.