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夏季土壤干旱对3种暖季型草坪草形态景观和生理参数的影响 被引量:12

Influence of drought stress in soil on morphology and physiology of three turf grasses in summer
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摘要 通过部分形态参数和生理参数的测定,初步探讨了在土壤持续干旱过程中禾本科3种草坪草的干旱适应能力,以及形态景观和生理参数之间的内在联系。结果表明:(1)在持续干旱胁迫下,叶片含水率和舒展度都持续下降,降幅是假俭草>马尼拉>矮生天堂狗牙根;(2)叶片中叶绿素含量呈现持续降低的趋势,降幅是假俭草>矮生天堂狗牙根>马尼拉;(3)叶片中超氧化歧化酶活性都呈现持续下降趋势,而叶片质膜透性和丙二醛含量都呈现持续增加趋势,变幅从大到小以及开始大幅涨落从早到晚的顺序皆为假俭草>马尼拉>矮生天堂狗牙根;(4)叶片中脯氨酸含量呈现先升后降的趋势,峰值从大到小以及开始下降的时刻从晚到早的顺序皆为矮生天堂狗牙根>马尼拉>假俭草;(5)根系活力都表现为先上升后下降的趋势,但不同草种RV峰值(RVmax)和RV高于对照所维持的时间不同,二者从大到小的顺序皆为矮生天堂狗牙根>马尼拉>假俭草;(6)干旱对地上部分的伤害早于对根系的伤害;(7)形态和生理指标一致表明,3草种的干旱适应能力从大到小的顺序依次为矮生天堂狗牙根>马尼拉>假俭草。 Based on observation of some morphological parameters and measurement of some physiological parameters,adaptability to drought stress in soil,morphological and physiological changes of three turf grasses under drought stress in soil and the relationship between them were studied primarily.The result showed that (1) with gradual drop of water content in soil(SWC),water content in leaves(LWC) of three turf grasses decreased accordingly.But LWC in Eremochloa ophiuroides declined faster than that in Zoysia matrella and LWC in Zoysia matrella went down faster than that in Cynodon dactylon×C.transvalensis,(2)as far as the the tendency of gradual decline of Chlorophyll content in leaves(Chl) was concerned,Chl in Eremochloa ophiuroides went down dramatically faster than that in Cynodo dactylon×C.transvalensis.In contrast,Chl in C.transvalensis descended slightly faster than in that Zoysia matrella;(3)Malondialdehyde(MDA) and relative plasmalemma permeability(RPP) in leaves went up while superoxide dismutase(SOD) went down.However,developing tendencies of MDA,RPP and SOD of these three grasses,which showed that SOD in leaves of Eremochloa ophiuroides was more sensative to drought stress in soil than those in Zoysia matrella and Cynodon dactylon×C.transvalensis but MDA and RPP in the former Grass rose much earlier than those in the latter two grasses did,were notably different;(4)also,under drought stress in soil,accumulating tendency of proline content(Pro) in leaves of three grasses was prominently different.As for maximum content of accumulated proline(Promax)in leaves,its decling tendency occured in Cynodon dactylon×C.tansvalensis,Zoysia matrella and Eremochloa ophiuroides.Whereas,as for the time Promax hanppened,it came later in Cynodon dactylon×C.transvalensis than in Zoysia matrella and did later in Zoysia matrella  than in Eremochloa ophiuroides;(5)as for the developing tendency of root vigor(RV),RV in three grasses all rose earlier and dropped later under drought stress in soil,but Cynodon dactylon×C.transvalensis kept a higher RV for a longer time than Zoysia matrella did and much longer than Eremochloa ophiurodies did;(6)based on comperehensive analysis of morphological and physiological parameters,it was concluded that Cynodon dactylon×C.transvalensis was more tolerant to drought stress than Zoysia matrella  and much more than Eremochloa ophiuroides.
出处 《江苏林业科技》 2002年第6期8-14,共7页 Journal of Jiangsu Forestry Science & Technology
关键词 夏季 土壤干旱 暖季型 草坪草 形态景观 生理参数 矮生天堂狗牙根 马尼拉 假俭草 Cynodon dactylon×C.transvalensis Zoysia matrella Eremochloa ophiuroides Drought stress Morphology Physiological parameters
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