环境规制对我国绿色经济效率影响的非线性特征

Non-linear Characteristics of Environmental Regulation’s Impact on China’s Green Economic Efficiency

环境规制是影响绿色经济效率的重要因素。本文基于综合指数法和DEA-Malmquist模型测算了2006~2015年中国30个省(自治区、直辖市)的环境规制强度和绿色经济效率,并采用面板平滑门限回归(PSTR)模型分析了环境规制对我国绿色经济效率的影响。结果显示,我国东部、中部、西部的环境规制强度依次上升,而绿色经济效率增长率依次下降。从整体上看,我国绿色经济效率随环境规制的加强呈现倒“U”形趋势,在越过0. 5995的环境规制强度门限值后,环境规制对绿色经济效率的影响由促进变为抑制。从控制变量来看,产业结构对绿色经济效率的影响在越过环境规制强度门限值后由负变为正,而对外开放程度对绿色经济效率的影响与之相反,产业结构优化与对外贸易发展互为补充。因此,为了我国环境规制的合理实施和绿色经济效率的提升,政府应根据东部、中部和西部的环境规制现状、产业结构情况和对外开放程度采取差别政策。

Environmental regulation is an important factor affecting the green economic efficiency. This paper estimates the environmental regulation intensity and green economic efficiency of China’ s 30 provinces( autonomous regions and municipalities) from 2006 to 2015 based on the Synthetic Index Method and the DEA-Malmquist model. The Panel Smooth Threshold Regression( PSTR) Model is used to analyze the impact of environmental regulation on green economic efficiency in China. The results show that the intensity of environmental regulation in the east, central, and west regions of China increased sequentially, while the growth rate of green economy efficiency declined in turn. On the whole,the green economic efficiency in our country shows an inverted "U"trend with the environmental regulation intensity. After exceeding the threshold of environmental regulation intensity of 0. 5995,the impact of environmental regulation on green economic efficiency has changed from promotion to suppression. Judging from the control variables,the impact of industrial structure on green economic efficiency changes from negative to positive after exceeding the threshold of environmental regulation intensity,the degree of openness to the outside world has an opposite effect on the green economic efficiency,the optimization of industrial structure complements the development of foreign trade. Therefore,for the reasonable implementation of China’ s environmental regulation and the improvement of the green economic efficiency,the government should adopt different policies based on the status of environmental regulation,the industrial structure,and the degree of openness to the outside world in the east,central and west regions of China.