微生物岩土技术及其应用研究新进展

State-of-the-art review of biogeotechnology and its engineering applications

微生物岩土技术主要是利用自然界广泛存在的微生物的代谢功能,与环境中其他物质发生一系列生物化学反应,改变土体的物理力学及工程性质,从而实现环境净化、土壤修复、地基处理等目的。微生物岩土技术作为岩土工程领域新的分支逐渐成为一个热门研究方向,近年来,许多学者已经开展了相关研究。为了促进该领域更加全面深入的基础研究,指导微生物技术在岩土工程中更切合实际的推广与应用,对环境岩土工程领域涉及的几种主要微生物种类、相关生物化学反应过程以及微生物作用机理进行详细的介绍与总结,并对微生物岩土技术在土体加固、岩土体抗渗封堵、金属污染土修复等方面的相关研究及应用进行了总结与评述。

Biogeotechnology mainly utilizes microorganisms that widely existed in natural environment,and the metabolic functions of these microorganisms will induce serials of bio-chemical reactions with other materials in the environment.The physical mechanical and engineering properties of geo-material would remediate after the biochemical process,and thus achieving the aims of environmental purification,soil remediation and foundation treatment,etc.As a new branch of geotechnical engineering,biogeotechnology has gradually become a popular trend,many researchers have carried out a lot of related researches in recent years.This paper summarizes the representative microorganisms,the biochemical reaction processes and the function mechanisms of the microorganisms involved in the field of bio-geotechnical engineering.Then,the related researches and its applications from the aspects of bio-soil improvement technology,biosealing technology and metal contaminated soil remediation technology are summarized and discussed.Through the collection and summary works on this topic,it is expected to promote more comprehensive and in-depth basic researches and contribute to more practical promotion and application of the bio-technology in geotechnical engineering.