产品外形仿生设计研究现状与进展

Status and Progress of Product Shape Bionic Design

创新是当前及未来发展的关键,而仿生是灵感来源的重要途径。仿生设计是工业设计中重要的研究方法,也是创新的重要手段。通过对国内外相关文献的研究,论述了产品外形仿生设计的相关概念,分析了产品外形仿生设计在形态仿生、功能仿生、结构仿生、肌理仿生、色彩仿生、意象仿生领域的发展,针对已有的产品外形仿生设计案例,提出了'自上而下'和'自下而上'两种设计过程,罗列了产品外形仿生设计中的主要方法。在产品外形仿生设计研究方法方面,提出了产品外形仿生设计的本体层、行为层和价值层三个层次模型,系统地探讨了产品外形仿生设计生物外形本征提取、产品外形设计与表达、生物外形本征与产品外形的融合三个方面的研究内容与体系结构,以及关键技术和存在的问题。针对仿生设计与信息技术的融合发展,提出产品外形仿生设计的研究热点和发展趋势。

Innovation is the key to current and future development, and bionics is an important way to gathering inspiration. Bionic design is an important research approach in industrial design and a significant method of innovation. Based on the investigation of related literature, the concepts of product shape bionic design are proposed. The development of product shape bionic design in the fields of modeling, function, structure, texture is discussed. According to the existing cases of the product shape bionic design,two design processes-‘up-down’&‘bottom-up’are proposed, and the main approaches are listed. The process and method of product shape bionic design is summarized. In terms of product shape bionic design research methods,the three level models named ontology level, behavioral level and value level are put forward. This article systematically discuss the research content, architecture and the key technologies in three aspect of bio-shape intrinsic extraction, product shape design and expression, bio-shape intrinsic and product shape fusion are discussed,and review existed problems of product shape bionic design. Finally, according to the integrated development of bionic design and information technology, some focused research issues on product shape bionic design are formulated and the future development trend is outlined.