水利设施对淮河水域生态环境的影响

The Effects of Water Conservancy Projects on Eco-environment of Huaihe Water Area

该文从水情、水生生物、水环境质量等方面分析水利设施对淮河水域生态环境的影响。研究结果表明,由于水利设施的调节作用,大部分湖泊平均水位提高,水位变化趋于平缓,但部分河道型湖泊情况正好相反,水位下降且变化幅度较以前增大。同时,闸坝的存在阻碍了水生生物的洄游通道,降低了河道水流流速,导致水生生物数量和种类发生较大变化,水体自净能力下降,加之闸坝的不合理调度,常常诱发突发性水污染事故。

The effects of water conservancy projects on water regime, aquatic organisms and water environment in Huaihe drainage area are discussed and analyzed. The results show, by the adjusting of water conservancy projects, the mean water level of most lakes increase and become steady. However, some discharge lakes are opposite. Their water level decrease and change more. At the same time, the dams also obstruct the breeding migration of aquatic organisms and reduce the flow velocity of rivers,and lead to the great change of aquatic species composition and the water self-purification ability reducing. Moreover,many sudden water pollution accidents are induced by unreasonable management of the dams.