中小企业知识产权质押融资的法律困境及其应对

Research on the Legal Dilemma and Countermeasures of Intellectual Property Pledge Financing for Small and medium enterprises

知识产权质押融资是中小企业科技成果转化的重要资金来源,我国《科技成果转化法》《物权法》《担保法》的相关条款对知识产权质押融资提供了法律保障,但与有形资产质押融资相比,知识产权融资在资产评估、价值分析、质押担保、流通交易、及时变现等方面仍存在制约性因素和不确定风险,致使银行对知识产权质押融资长期采取较为谨慎的态度。为此,通过法律修订和司法解释,扩大知识产权质押客体范围、建立统一的信息登记制度、健全知识产权价值评估机制、构建多层次的风险防控体系,可有效缓解金融机构与中小企业在融资协商中的不信任和矛盾,解决中小企业融资难问题,推进科技成果转化和创新创业活动开展。

Intellectual property pledge financing is one of the important sources of funds for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements for Small and medium enterprises.China’s Law on'Transforming Scientific and Technological Achievements','Property Law'and'Guarantee Law'provide legal protection for intellectual property pledge financing.However,compared with tangible assets pledge financing,intellectual property financing still has restrictive factors and uncertain risks in asset evaluation,value analysis,pledge guarantee,circulation transaction timely realization and so on,which has led banks to adopt a more cautious approach to intellectual property pledge financing.Therefore,through legal revision and judicial interpretation,expanding the scope of intellectual property pledge objects,establishing a unified information registration system,improving the mechanism of intellectual property value evaluation,and constructing a multi-level risk prevention and control system,we can effectively alleviate the contradictions and distrust between financial institutions and Small and medium enterprises in financing negotiations,solve the financing difficulties of Small and medium enterprises,and promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and entrepreneurship activities.