技术进步、教育回报与中国城镇地区的性别工资差距

Technological Change,Return to Education,and Gender Wage Differentials in Urban China

利用大样本的微观数据,本文发现中国城镇劳动力市场上的性别工资差距存在明显的地区差异。利用上述地区差异,本文分析了教育回报对性别工资差距的影响,结果表明:教育回报越高,女性的相对工资水平越高。此外,利用2005年和2011年的农民工样本,我们发现性别工资差距总体上有上升的趋势。利用固定效应模型,我们同样发现性别工资差距随着教育回报的上升而下降。本文的结果表明,促进技术进步、提高教育回报有助于缩小中国城镇地区的性别工资差距。

Using nationally representative micro datasets, this article finds significant regional dispersions in gender wage differentials and returns to education in the Chinese urban labor market.Using these regional variations,this article analyzes the impact of return to education on gender wage differentials. The results show that the return to education is negatively associated with the gender wage differentials. Using the samples of migrant workers,we find that the gender wage gap increased between 2005 and 2011. By using the fixed effects model,we also discover that the gender wage gap decreases when the return to education rises. These results indicate that promoting technological progress could narrow gender wage gap in urban China.