乡村基层水利跳出社会—生态陷阱实践研究——以广西灵山县Y村为例

Village Water Conservancy's Escape from the Social-ecological Trap:In the Case of Y Village, Lingshan County, Guangxi Province

"十八大"以来,国家对于农田水利建设的投入不断增加,然而小农水供给无效、投资效率低下等公共资源治理问题却日益突出。社会—生态陷阱理论旨在解释不可持续行为难以摆脱的原因,在中国农村具有理论适用性。利用社会—生态陷阱理论,分析广西灵山县Y村村民在中国农村基层水利政策三十年流变过程中的策略选择,Y村村民经历了前陷阱、陷阱形成和尝试跳脱陷阱的三个阶段,最终未能成功跳脱社会—生态陷阱。认为政策是影响社会—生态陷阱跳脱的关键机会变量,提高农田水利绩效需要真正以增进农户福利为导向,继续尊重并重视村民在基层治水实践中的使用者主体性。

Since the 18 th CPC National Congress, China has increased its investment in the farmland water conservancy facilities. However, public resource governance problems such as ineffective small-scale water supply and low investment efficiency are getting more prominent. As the Social-ecological Trap Theory aims to explain the reasons why unsustainable behaviors can’t be shaken off, it has a certain applicability in rural China. By utilizing this theory, this paper analyses the strategic choices of the villagers in Y Village, Lingshan County, Guangxi Province in the evolution of the basic rural water conservancy policy in China in the past 30 years. The villagers went through three stages, namely the pre-trap, the formation of the social-ecological trap and the final stage when they attempted to escape, but in vain. It notes policy is the key chance variable helping escape from the trap. The improvement of the farmland water conservancy performance needs to be targeted at farmers’ welfare, and the subjectivity of villagers as user in basic water governance should be constantly respected and stressed.