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用寿命表法对某水电企业尘肺病发病及死亡情况分析

Analysis on the pneumoconiosis incidence of water-power corporation with the life-chart
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摘要 目的 对水电企业尘肺病发病及死亡情况进行研究。方法 采用回顾性调查方法 ,对尘肺病人的接尘工龄、发病年龄、发病及死亡情况等用寿命表法进行统计分析。结果 尘肺病发病最小年龄 3 1岁 ,最大 73岁 ,发病中位年龄5 1岁 ;平均接尘工龄 2 7年 ,接尘工龄短于 10年的未发现尘肺病 ,超过 10年后随着接尘工龄增加 ,尘肺病累计发病率增加 ;尘肺病死亡年龄最小者 3 4岁 ,最大 74岁 ,死亡中位年龄 60岁 ,各个期别病死率差异无显著性 ;定诊 18年后累计存活率 71 95 % ,累计病死率 2 8 0 5 %。结论 水利水电企业职业健康监护的重点对象应为 10年工龄以上的接尘工人 ;尘肺病不仅影响接尘工人的身体健康和生命质量 ,而且缩短他们的寿命 ;尘肺病 3个期别的病死率接近 ,应加强每位尘肺病人的保健和治疗。 Objective To study the pneumoconiosis incidence and mortality in water power corporation.Methods A retrospective study method was carried out to analyse the dust exposed period, incidence age, incidence and mortality of the pneumoconiosis patients statistically with life chart.Results The minimum, medium and maximum incidence ages of pneumoconiosis were shown to be 31, 51 and 73 years old, respectively. Average dust exposed period was 27 years. No pneumoconiosis was found in cases of dust exposed period shorter than 10 years, whereas the accumulation incidence rate increased in case of dust exposed period over 10 years. The minimum, medium and maximum age of mortality of pneumoconiosis patients was shown to be 34, 60 and 74 years old, respectively. There was no significant difference between different stages on mortality rate. 18 years after diagnosis, the accumulation living rate was 71 95%, the accumulation mortality rate was 28 05%.Conclusion The key health surveillant subjects among dust exposed workers of water power corporation should be those who had worked for more than 10 years. The pneumoconiosis might not only affect the dust exposed workers' body health and life quality, but also shorten their lives. The pneumoconiosis mortality rate of three stages was rather closed, so every pneumoconiosis patient's health and treatment should be strengthened.
出处 《中国职业医学》 CAS 北大核心 2003年第2期34-35,共2页 China Occupational Medicine
关键词 寿命表 尘肺病 发病率 病死率 Life chart Pneumoconiosis Incidence rate Mortality
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