严重急性呼吸综合征医院感染的防治

Prevention and Cure of Hospital Infection due to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

目的 严重急性呼吸综合征是个新的呼吸道传染病 ,医院感染率高是其特点 ,探讨其有效防治问题是当务之急。方法 收集各种信息及现有医疗实践经验进行分析研究。结果 严重急性呼吸综合征 (SARS)医院感染医务人员主要由于接触门诊首诊或抢救严重 SARS患者 ,病房感染主要由于患者间近距离接触 ,高年及免疫功能低下者与原有肝、心等基础病是高危人群 ;治疗重症 SARS合理使用激素效果显著 ;预防主要是有效切断传染途径 ,保护高危人群。结论 把握一个环节 :切断传染途径 ;保护两个群体 :一线医务人员及住院高危人群 ;落实 3个主要措施 :有效的隔离 ;空气消毒 ;激素的治疗。

OBJECTIVE SARS is a new infectious disease of respiratory system with the high hospital infection rate as its characteristics. It is an urgent matter of the moment for us to inquiry into providing effective prevention and cure. METHODS To collecting every kind of information and sum up experience of current medical practice for analysis and research. RESULTS The hospital infection of SARS to medical staff is mainly because of getting in touch with SARS outpatient on his first visit to a hospital. The sickroom infection is mainly because of the close quarter contact among the inpatients. The high risk crowd includes advanced age personnel, immunocompromised personnel and the patients who have basal disease of liver, heart...etc. The reasonable usage of hormone in the treating of SARS shows obvious effect. Cutting off the transmission route and protecting the high risk crowd may be a valid prevention method. CONCLUSIONS Holding one link: cutting off the transmission route; protecting two groups: frontline medical personnel and high risk inpatients to adopt three cardinal measures: effective isolation; air disinfection and treatment hormone.