嵌入全球价值链对中国制造业转型升级的影响机理

The Influence Mechanism of Embedded Global Value Chains on the Transformation and Upgrading of China's Manufacturing Industry

通过构建理论模型分析了嵌入全球价值链对制造业转型升级的作用机制,并选取2001～2014年的中国制造业行业面板数据,采用KPWW和全面FGLS方法实证检验了13个制造业行业嵌入全球价值链后的转型升级状况。研究发现,嵌入全球价值链总体上能够推动中国制造业转型升级;由于"低端锁定"及"吸收门槛"效应的存在,嵌入全球价值链并未产生显著的技术创新效应,从而对制造业转型升级产生了间接的消极影响;嵌入全球价值链的地位与制造业转型升级程度之间存在"U"型关系,低端嵌入不利于制造业转型升级,迈过"拐点"后的中高端嵌入能够明显推动制造业转型升级。中国制造业亟须抓住新工业革命带来的契机,提高自主创新能力,实现在全球价值链中的地位跃升,迈向全球价值链中高端,获取嵌入全球价值链的技术创新效应,从而实现转型升级、提质增效和国际竞争力提升。

This paper analyzes the mechanism of embedded global value chains on the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry by constructing a theoretical model, and empirically tests the transformation and upgrading degree of 13 manufacturing industries embedded in the global value chain by selecting the panel data of China’s manufacturing industry from 2001 to 2014 and using KPWW and comprehensive FGLS method. We find that the embedded global value chain can promote the transformation and upgrading of China’s manufacturing industry in general;due to the 'low-end locking'and 'absorption threshold' effects, the embedded global value chain does not produce significant technological innovation effects, thus having an indirect negative impact on the transformation and upgrading of China’s manufacturing industry;there is a 'U' relationship between the position of embedded global value chains and the degree of transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry, which means the low-end embedded is not conducive to the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry and the mid-end and high-end embedded after the 'turning point' can obviously promote the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry. China’s manufacturing industry needs to seize the opportunity brought by the new industrial revolution, improve its independent innovation capability,achieve a higher position in the global value chain, move toward the mid-end and high-end of the global value chain, and acquire the technological innovation effect embedded in the global value chain in order to achieve the aim of transformation and upgrading, improvement of quality and efficiency and improvement of international competitiveness.