基于BIM及其相关技术的风险管理研究述评

A Review for Risk Management Based BIM and BIM-Related Technologies

建筑、工程和建设产业中的风险管理是一个全球问题。风险管理的不到位不仅导致项目目标实现的困难,而且也影响了未来城市发展中的土地利用规划和城市空间设计。由于建筑信息模型(BIM)和BIM相关数字技术的快速发展与采用,利用这些技术来管理风向已经成为一个研究热点。BIM不仅可以作为项目开发过程中系统性管理风险的工具,而且还可以作为一个核心数据源和平台,以便基于BIM的工具实施对未来风险的分析。因此,研究BIM及其相关技术的风险管理非常有现实意义。

Risk management in the industry of architecture,engineering and construction is a global issue.Failure to adequately manage risks may not only lead to difficulties in meeting project objectives but also influence land-use planning and urban spatial design in the future growth of cities. Due to the rapid development and adoption of Building Information Modelling( BIM) and BIM-related digital technologies,the use of these technologies for risk management has become a growing research trend leading to a demand for a thorough review of the state-of-the-art of these developments. Traditional risk management,and a comprehensive and extensive review of published literature concerning the latest efforts of managing risk using technologies,such as BIM,automatic rule checking,knowledge based systems,reactive and proactive information technology based safety systems had been systematically reviewed in this article. The findings show that BIM could not only be suitable to support the project development process as a systematic risk management tool,but it could also serve as a core data generator and platform to allow other BIMbased tools to perform further risk analysis. Most of the current efforts have concentrated on investigating technical developments,and the management of construction personnel safety has been the main interest so far. Some implications were provided for the relative theoretical research and practical operation in the future.