以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系立法思考

Systematic legislation for nature conservation with national parks as the main body

实现十九大报告提出的建立以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系的改革目标需要法治保障。建设自然保护地体系涉及的不同生态系统和多个管理部门、多方利益主体,是一个巨大的复杂系统,需要进行整体性、系统性的立法研究。目前,国家正在推进国家公园体制改革并已将《国家公园法》列入十三届全国人大常委会立法计划。更需要我们从自然保护地立法体系建设的高度,正确处理《国家公园法》与未来可能制定的《自然保护地法》的关系,在《国家公园法》制定过程中为今后出台《自然保护地法》预留空间,并建立相应的衔接机制,统筹谋划并协同推进国家公园法与自然保护地立法。

The rule-of-law is necessary to achieve reform goals of establishing a protected area system with national parks as the main body,which was proposed in the Report of the Nineteenth CPC National Congress.The establishment of the protected area system involves various ecosystems,administrative agencies,and stakeholders.It is a very complicated process requiring holistic and systematic legislative research.Currently in China,the State is promoting a reform of the national park system and has listed the National Park Law in the legislative plan of the thirteenth National People’s Congress.It is necessary to correctly manage the relationship between the National Park Law and a possible future law of protected areas.Systematic legislation and legislative space for the Law of Protected Areas within the National Park Law are required to establish a connecting mechanism and to coordinate and promote in a concerted manner the National Park Law and the Law of Protected Areas.