学校预防艾滋病教育对中学生知识态度和技能的影响

The impact of school AIDS prevention education on knowledge,attitudes and skills of secondary school students

目的 通过学校预防AIDS教育 ,促进学生预防AIDS知识、态度和技能 ,为在我国中学开展预防AIDS教育提供重要的实践经验。 方法 对学校健康教育教师进行了为期两天的培训。为评价教育前后学生预防AIDS知识、态度和技能的变化 ,对约 80 0 0名参与此项研究的初一、高一学生进行了教育前和教育后的问卷调查。 结果 教育后学生预防AIDS基本知识平均得分由教育前的 7.3提高到 11.2 (满分为 15分 ) ;知道如何避免感染AIDS的比例由教育前的 4 7.9%上升到 83.8% ;与家长及朋友谈论HIV/AIDS的比例分别由教育前的 31.1%、39.6 %上升到 4 4 .2 %和 5 9.2 % ;表示愿意与HIV感染者 /AIDS病人同班上课的比例由教育前的 7.4 %上升到2 6 .1% ;反对男青年及女青年婚前性行为的比例分别由教育前的 4 5 .3%、5 0 .6 %上升到 5 4 .9%和 6 1.2 %。 结论 学校预防AIDS健康教育对增加学生预防艾滋病知识、培养正确的性道德观念、不歧视HIV感染者以及促进学生谈论和宣传预防HIV/AIDS知识等方面均产生了积极的影响。

Objectives The aim of this project was to promote knowledge,positive attitudes and skills of students on HIV/AIDS prevention.The research results will provide important practical experience for school based AIDS prevention education in China. Methods About 8 thousand studrnts in grade 7 and grade 10 from 17 secondary schools in Beijing and Shenyang of China participated in this project.School health education teachers were trained for two days.The education time was about 2 to 4 hours.Pre test and post test surveys were conducted.Results The score (full 15) of HIV/AIDS knowledge of students increased significantly from 7.3 in pre test to 11.2 in post test(P<0.01).Comparing with pre test,more students answered that they knew how to prevent HIV/AIDS (83.8% vs 47.9%),more students had talked HIV/AIDS with their parents (44.2% vs 31.1 %) and friends (59.2% vs 39.6 %),more students answered that they would not be uncomfortable to share a class with people who infected with HIV/AIDS (26.1% vs 7.4%).The percentage of studrnts who were opposed to male and female youth premarital sexual behavior increased from 45.3% and 50.6% at pre test to 54.9% and 61.2% at post test (P< 0.01 ) respectively.Conclusions Compared to youth in some nations, young people in China have a fairly low level of knowledge,attitudes and skills necessary for HIV/AIDS prevention. This school based AIDS education program significantly improved students' knowledge,attitudes and skills,at least in the short term.