1,3,3-三硝基氮杂环丁烷的合成

Synthesis of 1,3,3-Trinitroazetidine

1 ,3 ,3 三硝基氮杂环丁烷 (TNAZ)作为高能量密度材料 ,其合成和应用研究受到了广泛重视 .本文用硝基甲烷、多聚甲醛、叔丁胺等作为起始原料 ,经过五步反应合成出了TNAZ ,总收率为 3 4% .用红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱及碳谱和质谱等对其及中间体结构进行了表征 .大部分反应使用水作为反应介质 ,降低了合成成本 ,污染明显减少 .讨论了反应条件和影响反应产物收率的主要因素 ,获得了制备TNAZ合适条件 .

As an important high density energetic material, synthesis and application of 1, 3, 3-trinitroazetidine (TNAZ) are desirable. In this paper TNAZ was synthesized in 34% overall yield using a five-step synthetic route starting from nitromethane, paraformaldehyde and tert-butylamine. The structures of intermediates and TNAZ were determined by IR, H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR and MS spectra. Except the third and fifth steps, water was used as reaction media, which decreased production cost of TNAZ and environmental pollution. The conditions and factors on reaction conversion rate were also discussed.