梯度功能材料的研究现状与展望

Functionally Gradient Materials: Current Status and Future Directions

综述了国内外梯度功能材料(FGM)的研究现状,介绍了梯度功能材料的优化设计原則、制备工艺与特性评价,其中重点介绍了梯度功能材料制备工艺的基本原理和工艺方法,如粉末冶金法、气相沉积法、自蔓延高温合成法、热喷涂法、电沉积法、激光熔敷法等,分析了各种制备工艺技术存在的利弊,展望了梯度功能材料的发展前景与方向。

The present status of research on Functionally Gradient Materials (FGM) are reviewed including design principles, preparation and characteristic evaluation,with focus on its principia and preparation techniques such as powder metallurgy, laser cladding, vapor deposit, self-propagating high-temperature synthesis, thermal spraying and electro-deposition. Their advantages and shortcomings as well as prospects of FGM are also analyzed in this paper.