祁连山东缘高原鼢鼠对溴敌隆的敏感性与适口性测定实验

The determination study of Eospalax baileyi to bromadiolone and palatability of bromadiolone for E. baileyi in the eastern margin of the Qilian Mountains

目的测定祁连山东缘高原鼢鼠对抗凝血杀鼠剂溴敌隆的敏感性与适口性水平,为野外采用溴敌隆鼠药防制高原鼢鼠提供科学依据。方法于2018年7-8月,在祁连山东缘天祝地区采用捕鼠笼非损伤捕获活的高原鼢鼠,实验室环境下单鼠单笼饲养,采用无选择性摄食试验,连续喂食1、3、5和7 d 0.000 5%的溴敌隆毒饵,记录高原鼢鼠取食和死亡情况,使用SPSS 19.0软件Bliss计算机程序,拟合回归分析,计算半致死喂食期(LFP50),99%致死喂食期(LFP99)。采用成组设计资料的t检验,分析其敏感性与适口性。结果高原鼢鼠毒饵取食量有下降趋势,不同性别高原鼢鼠对溴敌隆的敏感性差异无统计学意义(t=-1.232,P=0.329),其LFP50和LFP99的估计值分别为0.492和11.897 d;高原鼢鼠取食毒饵后,死亡高峰期出现在第6~9天。0.000 5%溴敌隆对高原鼢鼠的首遇适口性为0.66,再遇适口性为0.77,均达到良好摄食系数,实验室校正灭鼠率均达100%。结论溴敌隆对祁连山东缘天祝地区高原鼢鼠的毒效高、适口性好,且无抗性发生,0.000 5%溴敌隆可有效防治该地区的高原鼢鼠。

Objective To determine the sensitivity of Eospalax baileyi to bromadiolone(an anticoagulant rodenticide)and the palatability of bromadiolone for E.baileyi in the eastern margin of the Qilian Mountains,and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of E.baileyi in the field using bromadiolone as a rodenticide.Methods During July to August,2018,non-invasive live cage trapping was used to capture E.baileyi in Tianzhu area in the eastern margin of the Qilian Mountains;the E.baileyi was then individually caged and fed in a laboratory environment.In a non-selective food intake test,0.000 5%bromadiolone bait was continuously provided to the E.baileyi for 1,3,5,and 7 days,and food intake and death of the E.baileyi were recorded.Bliss calculating program in SPSS 19.0 software was used for regression analysis and fitting,and the half-lethal feeding period(LFPso)and the 99%lethal feeding period(LFP99)were calculated.The t-test for grouped data was applied to analyze the sensitivity and palatability.Results There was a decreasing trend in the food intake of E.baileyi,with no significant difference observed in the sensitivity of E.baileyi to bromadiolone between sexes(t=-1.232,P=0.329).The estimated values of LFP50 and LFP99 were 0.492 day and 11.897 days,respectively.The death peak of E.baileyi appeared on the sixth to the ninth day after intake of the poison bait.The first and second palatability of 0.000 5%bromadiolone for E.baileyi was 0.66 and 0.77,respectively,both of which showed a good food intake coefficient and a laboratory-corrected deratization rate of 100%.Conclusion Bromadiolone is highly toxic and palatable to the E.baileyi in Tianzhu area in the eastern margin of the Qilian Mountains with no resistance observed;therefore,0.000 5%bromadiolone may be used to control E.baileyi effectively in this area.