作物高光效种质筛选的研究进展

High Photosynthetic-Efficiency Germplasm Screening of Crop: Research Progress

为了促进作物高光效育种的研究进程,以筛选高光效种质为切入点,从高光效种质筛选指标体系的形成、高光效种质的获得途径、高光效种质在育种中的应用等方面对大豆、水稻、小麦等11种作物的高光效种质的研究现状进行了总结;剖析了目前作物高光效种质在获得途径、高光效表型的准确鉴定、评价指标、育种价值、育种手段和方法等方面的研究缺陷,结合本研究团队多年的工作基础和经验,提出从加强作物光合机理研究,拓宽高光效种质的筛选范围,利用分子聚合技术创制高光效种质,构建快速、准确的高光效表型测定方法,创建高光效种质综合筛选指标体系,提高高光效种质的实用效率,建立种质资源创新系统和共享平台,加强高光效育种技术研究等8个方面来加强作物高光效种质筛选的方法与措施。

To promote high photosynthetic efficiency of crop breeding,taking screening the germplasm with high photosynthetic efficiency as the research perspective,the status of high photosynthetic-efficiency germplasm of 11 crops including soybean,rice,wheat,etc.were summarized from the formation of screening index system of high photosynthetic efficiency germplasm,the way to obtain high photosynthetic efficiency germplasm,the application of high photosynthetic efficiency germplasm in breeding.The current research deficiency was analyzed from the aspects of obtaining high photosynthetic efficiency germplasm,accurate identification of high efficiency phenotype,evaluation index,breeding value,and breeding means and methods.Combining with our work for years,we propose 8 ways for improving the screening of high photosynthetic efficiency germplasm of crop,including strengthening research on the photosynthetic mechanism of crops,broadening the screening scope,creating high photosynthetic efficiency germplasm by molecular polymerization technology,constructing fast and accurate determination method of high photosynthetic efficiency phenotype,creating comprehensive screening index system,improving the utility efficiency,establishing germplasm resources innovation system and sharing platform,and strengthening the breeding technology.