小麦秸秆对杂草种子萌发和土壤微生物代谢的影响

Effects of wheat straws on germination of weeds and metabolism of soil microbial community

通过室内模拟小麦秸秆还田,研究小麦秸秆对农田杂草种子萌发和土壤微生物代谢功能的影响。结果表明,小麦秸秆对杂草种子的萌发抑制活性随秸秆还田的时间呈动态变化,0～10 d抑草活性逐渐增强,10 d后抑草活性逐渐降低。对狗尾草种子的萌发抑制效果最好,在10 d时对狗尾草种子萌发抑制率高达83%。采用Biolog方法研究土壤微生物代谢功能,10 d处理土壤微生物结构多样性及代谢活性显著高于其他处理。研究明确了小麦秸秆还田能够抑制杂草种子萌发,并改变土壤微生物环境。

The effects of simulated returning of wheat straws to field on germination of weeds and metabolism of soil microbial community were explored. The results showed that the germination inhibitory activity of wheat straw on weed seeds was changed dynamically with straw mulching time. The inhibitory activity gradually increased in 0-10 d and decreased after 10 d. The inhibition rate of Setaria viridis seed germination was the highest(83%) in 10 d. The Biolog method was used to study soil microbial metabolic function, and we found that soil microbial structure diversity and metabolic activity were significantly higher than under other treatments in 10 d. The study preliminarily confirmed that returning wheat straws to field could inhibit the germination of weeds and change soil microbial environment.