家兔新型动脉粥样硬化狭窄模型的建立及其动态观察

A New Modeling and Its Dynamic Observation of Rabbit's Atherosclerostic Stenosis

目的 为血管成形术后再狭窄的研究提供非球囊扩张和动脉造影的简单易行的新型动脉粥样硬化斑块狭窄动物模型。方法 选择日本大耳白兔 18只 (含正常组 6只 ) ,用电刺激血栓形成仪刺激颈总动脉并在术后高脂饲料喂养 6周 ,模型分别于术后 3天、1周、3周、6周处死颈总动脉取材 ,常规病理切片行HE、弹力V G染色 ,光学显微镜观察病理变化。结果 术后 1周内动脉有血栓形成 ,内皮剥脱和部分内弹力板断裂 ,内皮细胞增生 ,中膜局部平滑肌细胞有少量水肿、消失 ,外膜有中性粒细胞浸润 ;术后 3周以上则内膜明显增生 ,内膜下脂质沉积 ,中膜平滑肌细胞核有轻度减少 ,纤维组织及基质增生 ,以损伤部位更明显 ,外膜刺激部位有轻度增厚。术后 6周 6只动物颈总动脉均形成管腔狭窄。结论 用电刺激加高脂饲料喂养的方法可成功建立动脉粥样硬化狭窄的动物模型 ;该模型的病理表现与人类动脉粥样硬化的病理过程相似 。

Objective To create a new animal model for atherosclerostic resten osis induced after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA).Methods\ 18 Japanese white rabbits were selected including 6 in the normal group. The both co mmon carotid arteries were stimulated by electric current generated by a thrombo sis inducer. The rabbits were fed by high-fat diet for 6 weeks after the operat i on. The models were sacrificed and the arteries were obtained at 3 days,1 wee k,3 weeks and 6 weeks respectively after the operation. Then the pathological sl ides were prepared and stained for optical microscopic observation. Result s\ Within 1 week after the operation there was thrombi-g e neration in the models' arteries; endothelial cell hyperplasia and pa rtly internal plastic membrane broken in tunica intima; minor SMC(smooth mus cle cell) edematous or disappeared in tunica media; neutrophil infiltrated in tunica adventitia. The status beyond 3 weeks after the operation was obviously hyperplastic in tunica i n tima and lipid-deposited under it; partly SMC-decreased,both fibre and ground-substance hyperplastic in tunica media, especially in the stimulated par ts; slightly stimulated parts thickened in tunica adventitia. All the 6 animals' a rt eries 6 weeks after the operation were stenosed. Conclusion\ The i ntegra tion of stimulating common carotid arteries by electric current and feeding by h igh-fat diet can induce the animal model of atherosclerostic stenosis successfu lly. The model's pathologic change is similar to human atherosclerosis. Additi onally, the arteries' blind ends generated by the method of PTA can be avoided.