关于雾灾几个相关问题的探讨

Discussion on several relative problems of fog disaster

首先,基于灾害系统的理论,构建了雾灾灾害系统模式和灾害链模式,提出了以机场和高速公路为承灾体的雾灾灾害链。其次,构建了雾灾承灾体脆弱性评价体系和模型,并对中国雾灾脆弱性分省区进行了评价,结果表明雾灾脆弱性高值区是上海、北京、天津3市;次高值区是江苏、山东、海南、广东等省。最后,以2002年12月的一次大雾天气为例,运用灰色关联度方法,着重对机场客运的雾灾灾情进行了评估,以期为雾灾损失厘定和防灾减灾提供科学的依据。

According to the theory of disaster system, the patterns of fog disaster system and disaster chain are established, disaster chain of fog with airport and freeway as the exposure are put forward. The pattern and appraising system of vulnerability of exposure to fog disaster are established and the vulnerability for each provinces in China was appraised. It shows that the exposure vulnerability in Shanghai, Beijing and Tianjin is the highest, and that in Jiangsu, Shandong, Hainan and Guangdong is the second highest. Finally,giving an example of fog weather in Dec. 2002, fog disaster effect on airport was estimated with the method of grey correlation, and some scientific basis for loss determination of fog disaster and disaster mitigation are put forward.