重烷基苯磺酸盐/醇醚非离子混合表面活性剂体系微乳液研究

Study on the Microemulsion with Heavy Alkylbenzene Sulfonate/Alcohol Ethoxylate Mixed Surfactants

研究了几种单一阴离子表面活性剂和阴离子/非离子混合表面活性剂微乳体系的相行为.阴离子表面活性剂为十二烷基苯磺酸盐(ABS)、重烷基苯磺酸盐1#和重烷基苯磺酸盐2#,非离子表面活性剂为脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚AEO3、AEO9以及AEO20.通过微乳液最佳盐度、获得中相微乳液的盐浓度范围、最佳中相体积分数以及获得单相微乳液所需的最低表面活性剂浓度等参数表征表面活性剂的耐盐能力和增溶能力.结果表明,单一磺酸盐的增溶能力和耐盐能力取决于其平均摩尔质量和浓度,磺酸盐与非离子表面活性剂混合对增溶能力和耐盐能力有显著影响,但两者的变化趋势相反:若增溶能力提高,则耐盐能力下降,反之亦然.重烷基苯磺酸盐1#和重烷基苯磺酸盐2#分别与质量分数为10%～20%的AEO9或AEO20混合,耐盐能力有显著提高而增溶能力仅有微小下降;ABS与AEO3混合,当AEO3质量分数为10%～30%时,增溶能力有所提高.

The phase behaviors are studied of microemulsion containing alkyl benzene sulfonate(ABS), heavy alkylbenzene sulfonate 1#(HABS1#) and heavy alkylbenzene sulfonate 2# (HABS2#), and their mixtures with alcohol ethoxylate AEO_(3), AEO_(9)and AEO_(20), respectively. The optimum salinity, salinity range in which the middle microemulsion appears, optimum middle phase volume fraction, and the lowest surfactant concentration required to form homogeneous microemulsion are measured to characterize the electrolyte tolerances and solubilization capacities. The results show that the solubilization capacities and electrolyte tolerances of the sulfonates, which are always inversely correlated, depend on their average molecular weight and concentration and are easily influenced by mixing with nonionic surfactants. By adding AEO_(9 )or AEO_(20 )to a mass fraction of 10%～20%, the electrolyte tolerances of HABS2# and HABS1# are significantly enhanced in the price of minor loss of solubilization capacities. While the solubilization capacity of ABS can be improved by mixing with AEO_(3) up to a mass fraction of 30%.