江苏北部低山丘陵区不同林分类型水土保持效果评价

Evaluation of Soil and Water Conservation with Different Forest Types in the Hilly Area of Northern Jiangsu Province

建立健全指标明确、操作实用的森林生态系统水土保持功能评价方法对森林水土流失风险辨识与预防有重要的参考指导价值。以江苏北部低山丘陵区的主要次生林类型为研究对象,选取丰富度指数、郁闭度、林冠截留率、凋落物层厚度、凋落物分解率、凋落物最大持水量、土壤容重、有机质、土壤水稳性团聚体、土壤毛管持水量、土壤稳渗率、土壤抗蚀指数等12个指标构建其水土保持功能评价体系。结合实测数据,运用加权综合法对该地区各林分类型水土保持效果进行评价。结果表明,6种林分类型水土保持功能评价结果排序为:杂木林(0.7327) 】刺槐林(0.6902) 】栎类林(0.6001) 】黑松林(0.5869) 】赤松林(0.4285) 】侧柏林(0.2670)。

It is of great significance to establish and improve the functional evaluation method for soil and water conservation of forest ecosystem with clear indicators and practical operation for risk iden-tification and prevention of forest soil and water loss. Taking the main secondary forest types in the hills in the north of Jiangsu Province as the research object, 12 indexes, such as richness index, canopy closure, canopy interception rate, litter layer thickness, litter decomposition rate, litter maximum capacity, soil bulk density, organic matter, soil water stability aggregate, soil capillary capacity, soil permeability stability rate and soil erosion resistance index, were selected to con-struct the soil and water conservation function ability to evaluate the system. Combined with the measured data, the effect of soil and water conservation of each stand type in this area was evalu-ated by using the weighted comprehensive method. The results showed that the order of soil and water conservation function evaluation of six forest types was: miscellaneous forest (0.7327) >Robinia forest (0.6902) >Quercus forest (0.6001) >black pine forest (0.5869) >Pinus koraiensis forest (0.4285) >Platycladus orientalis forest (0.2670).