2019年广东省深圳市宝安区福永街道与福海街道疾病监测点居民死因监测分析

Analysis of Cause of Death Surveillance among Residents at the Disease Surveillance Point in Fuyong Street and Fuhai Street,Baoan District,Shenzhen,Guangdong Province,2019

目的分析广东省深圳市宝安区福永街道与福海街道2019年1~12月疾病监测点常住居民死因分布情况,为制定综合防治措施提供科学依据。方法凡2019年出现在本疾病监测点居民死亡案例皆由辖区相关负责人员按照要求进行《居民死亡医学证明(推断)书》填写,并经由国家人口死亡信息登记管理系统实施网络直报及审核,并清理汇总审核无误的死亡数据,通过构成比、死亡率、减寿率等指标对本街道居民主要的减寿、死亡原因进行分析。结果2019年广东省深圳市宝安区福永街道与福海街道疾病监测点所报告的死亡案例总数为150例,粗死亡率为579.81/10万,标化死亡率为632.74/10万,其中男性粗死亡率、标化死亡率分别为683.09/10万、735.08/10万,女性分别为493.41/10万、517.59/10万,男性较之女性更高(P<0.05);位居前五位的死因依次为脑血管疾病、呼吸系统疾病病、心脏病、恶性肿瘤和伤害,在全死因的占比中分别为23.48%、18.36%、17.42%、13.38%、12.15%;居前3位的减寿死因依次为恶性肿瘤、伤害及脑血管病,减寿率分别占比11.58%、10.35%、9.03%。结论慢性非传染性疾病是导致本监测点居民死亡最突出的原因,而导致青壮年过早死亡的突出因素则是伤害及恶性肿瘤,威胁本监测点居民生命健康的重要因素是慢性病,需将该类疾病尽早纳入防控规划中,加以有效干预。

Objective To analyze the distribution of causes of death among the resident residents of the disease surveillance site from January 2019 to December 2019 between Fuyong street and Fuhai street in Baoan District of Shenzhen,Guangdong Province,in order to provide a scientific basis for developing comprehensive control measures.Methods Cases of deaths of residents presenting to the disease surveillance sites in 2019 were filled out by the responsible jurisdiction personnel as required medical certificate(inference)of resident deaths,followed by implementation of a network direct reporting and audit via the national population death information registry(NHS),and clean-up of aggregate audit unbiased death data to the residents of this street through measures such as composition ratio,mortality,and life loss.To life loss,cause of death were analyzed.Results The total number of reported death cases from the disease surveillance point on the streets of Fuyong and Fuhai in Baoan District of Shenzhen,Guangdong Province,in 2019 is 150,the crude mortality rate is 579.81/100000,and the standardized mortality rate is 632.74/100000,among which the crude mortality rate,the standardized mortality rate,is 683.09/100000 and 735.08/100000 in males and 493.41/100000 and 517.59/100000 in females,respectively,and it is higher in males than females(P<0.05);The top five causes of death in descending order were cerebrovascular diseases,respiratory diseases,heart diseases,malignant tumors and injuries,which accounted for 23.48%,18.36%,17.42%,13.38%,12.15%of all-cause deaths,and the top three causes of death in descending order were malignant tumors,injuries and cerebrovascular diseases,which accounted for 11.58%,10.35%,9.03%of all-cause deaths.Conclusion Chronic NCDs are the most prominent cause of death among residents at this surveillance site,while injuries and malignancies are prominent causes of premature death among young adults,and important factors threatening the life health of residents at this surveillance site are chronic diseases,which need to be included early in prevention and control programs to be intervened effectively.