农村集体产权制度改革背景下集体所有权主体制度的机遇与展望

Opportunities and Prospects for the Subject System of Collective Ownership in the Context of the Reform of Collective Property Rights System

农村集体产权制度改革背景下,集体所有权主体制度面临集体成员集体与农村集体经济组织是否具有同一性、股份合作制改革的目标资产是否与其他集体资产在归属上发生分裂、农村集体经济组织代表行使集体所有权的法律机制应如何表达等现实困惑。从集体资产的承续关系看,农村集体经济组织应为集体资产的所有者。农民集体应为实在的组织体,具有内部治理机制和意思能力,集体所有权主体理应定位为农村集体经济组织。农村集体经济组织在私法与公法制度的共同规范下,在可为与不可为之间维护着集体所有制的价值体系。集体经济组织应对全部的集体资产享有所有权,章程记载的责任财产范围应限于折股量化的财产范围。明确集体经济组织的集体所有权主体地位对传统村落的未来发展具有导向意义。

In the context of the reform of the rural collective property rights system,the subject system of col-lective ownership is faced with realistic confusion as to whether the collective members are identical to the ru-ral collective economic organizations,whether the target assets of the shareholding cooperation system reformare split from other collective assets in terms of attribution,and how the legal mechanism for the representa-tives of rural collective economic organizations to exercise collective ownership should be expressed.In termof the succession of collective assets,the rural collective economic organization shall be the owner of the col-lective assets.Peasant collectives should be solid organizations with internal governance mechanisms and men-tal capacity,and the subjects of collective ownership should be positioned as rural collective economic organi-zations.Rural collective economic organizations maintain the value system of collective ownership system be-tween what can and cannot be done,under the common norms of private and public law systems.The collec-tive economic organization shall have ownership of the entire collective assets,and the scope of the propertyfor which liability is recorded in the charter shall be limited to the scope of the property quantified by commu-tation.The clarification of the subject status of collective ownership in collective economic organizations is ofguiding significance for the future development of traditional villages.