易地扶贫搬迁集中安置区的治理困境及风险——基于山西某贫困户集中安置新村的实证调研

Governance Dilemma and risk of centralized resettlement area for relocation of Poor Peasant Household——An empirical research on a new centralized resettlement village of poor households in Y County of Shanxi Province

易地扶贫搬迁作为精准扶贫“五个一批”工程,意在把自然条件严酷、资源贫乏、生态环境恶化地区的群众搬迁到适宜生产生活的地方,解决“一方水土养不起一方人”问题,实现“搬得出、稳得住、能致富”。对于贫困人口多、覆盖面大、资源禀赋低、自然环境恶劣的地区,大多采取建设新村的形式集中安置,出现了许多贫困户集中安置新村,即将周围几个村甚至整个乡镇的所有贫困户进行集中安置。在新时代脱贫攻坚目标任务如期完成的背景下,如何巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果,加强后续治理成为重点。本文通过对山西Y县Z镇扶贫搬迁贫困户集中安置新村L村的实证调研,总结和梳理该类型村庄后续治理中存在的困境和风险,提出要自我变革,治理先行,加快新型农村社区治理体系建设。

As one of the“five batch”project of targeted poverty alleviation,relocation of poverty alleviation is intended to move people living in areas with harsh natural conditions,poor resources and deteriorating ecological environment to places suitable for production and living,solve the problem that“one side of soil and water can not support one side of people”,and achieve the goal of“relocating,being stable and becoming rich”.It mainly adopts the resettlement mode of centralization or decentralization.Many places have adopted the form of building new villages for centralized resettlement,which resettle all the poor households in several surrounding villages or even the whole Township,forming a new village for centralized resettlement of poor households.In New Era,how to consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation and innovate community governance become the focus.Based on the empirical research of L village-a new centralized resettlement village in Shanxi Province,this paper summarizes and combs the difficulties and risks existing in the followup governance of this type of village,and proposes to carry out self reform in time,governance first,and speed up the construction of new rural community governance system.