莫旗达斡尔族语言发展趋势预测

The Prognostication of Development Tendency of MOQI Dagur Language

莫旗达斡尔语的结构演化趋势是:借词元音趋于稳定、借自汉语的辅音有的已经音位化,有的处于过渡状态,某些固有词逐渐淡出族人记忆,汉语借词的数量将进一步增大。达斡尔语的功能发展趋势是:母语型人群将极度萎缩,兼用型人群稳定发展,转用型人群大幅增加;母语在农村家庭和社区语言环境中的地位没有动摇,但潜存危机,汉语在城区和散居区的地位继续巩固和强化,其优势地位逐渐向农村社区延伸;城市化将增加达汉语言接触的范围及深度,其结果,在发展中城镇中,汉语保持强势,达斡尔语从社区语言退缩为家庭语言;在准发展态城镇,社区强势语言—达斡尔语衰变为弱势语言,汉语强势得以强化;在启动态城镇,达汉两种语言博弈竞争,最后汉语逐渐走向强势。随着城市化,达斡尔族将会选择汉语作为子女的教育语言,达斡尔族父母在家庭中也会更多地使用汉语,城市化必将催生达斡尔族新的语言转用型人群。

The structural evolutional tendencies of MOQI Dagur language are as follows: 1.borrowing vowels tends to be stable.2.Some consonants borrowed from Chinese language have changed into phoneme but some are still at the transitional stage.3.Some words in the native language have gradually been forgotten by Dagur people.4.The quantum of the borrowing words from Chinese language tends to be increasing.The tendencies of the function of Dagur language are: 1.The amount of people speaking native language will decrea...