发动机连杆裂解槽激光加工机床中的丝杠误差分析及补偿

Error analysis and compensation of ball screw of laser processing machine tools for engine connecting rod fracture splitting notch

发动机连杆裂解槽激光加工机床的主要功能是对连杆大头孔内表面两侧进行切槽加工。裂解槽质量的好坏与激光和CNC系统的配合有很大关系。为了消除由于丝杠的误差所带来的激光头的定位误差,以便能够更精确地调整激光头喷嘴与连杆内表面的位置,首先在该激光加工机床的工作原理的基础上对该误差进行了测量,然后采用直线插补补偿算法消除了该误差。最后对激光切槽后得到的连杆进行裂解,并且经过工具显微镜检测后,结果表明,对于各种型号的连杆,切割出来的裂解槽在深度上基本保持一致(裂解槽上各个点的槽深度公差为±0.02 mm)。说明该种方法能够很好地解决这一问题。

The objective of Laser Processing Machine Tools for Engine Connecting Rod Fracture Splitting Notch(the laser notching machine) is to cut notch in the inner surface of big-end hole of connecting rod at high speed and with high precision.The quality of fracture splitting notch is greatly relevant with the cooperation between laser and CNC system.For exterminating the orientation error of laser head resulted from error of ball screw,and adjusting the positions of nozzle of laser head and inner surface of connecting rod more precisely,the orientation error was measured according to working principle of the laser notching machine firstly,and then the error was exterminated by applying beeline interpolation compensation algorithm.Finally,fracture splitting was performed to the connecting rod after the laser cut the notch.Check the result with microscope and it shows that the splitting notch are the same in the depths(the difference among the depths of all point is ±0.02 mm) for all types of connecting rods,indicating that this method can resolve the problem very well.