5味中药对鸡白痢沙门氏菌的体外联合抑菌研究

Combined anti-bacterial effects of five Chinese traditional medicines against Salmonella pullorum

【目的】探讨诃子、虎杖、紫花地丁、夏枯草和何首乌提取物对鸡白痢沙门氏菌的抑制效果。【方法】采用超声波处理、乙醇回流、水浴加热的方法,提取诃子、虎杖、紫花地丁、夏枯草、何首乌5味中药的有效成分,采用二倍试管稀释法分别测定各中药提取物对鸡白痢沙门氏菌的最小抑菌质量浓度(Minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC)和最小杀菌质量浓度(Minimal bactericidal concentration,MBC),并采用肉汤稀释棋盘法,测定中药提取物对鸡白痢沙门氏菌的联合抑菌效果。【结果】诃子、虎杖、紫花地丁、夏枯草、何首乌提取物对鸡白痢沙门氏菌的MIC、MBC值分别为15.60~62.50,15.60~125.00mg/mL(以生药计算)。虎杖、夏枯草、紫花地丁、何首乌与诃子联合用药时,对鸡白痢沙门氏菌的联合抑菌指数(FICI)均为0.25;虎杖与紫花地丁、夏枯草,紫花地丁与夏枯草联合用药时的FICI为1.25~2;何首乌与虎杖、紫花地丁、夏枯草联合用药时的FICI均大于2。【结论】虎杖、夏枯草和诃子提取物对鸡白痢沙门氏菌具有较强的体外抑菌活性。诃子与虎杖、紫花地丁、何首乌、夏枯草联合应用,其抑菌呈协同作用;虎杖与紫花地丁、夏枯草,紫花地丁与夏枯草联合应用,其抑菌呈无关作用;何首乌与虎杖、紫花地丁、夏枯草联合应用,其抑菌呈拮抗作用。

【Objective】The combined antibacterial effects of extracts from 5Chinese traditional medicines including Terminalia chebula Retz,Polygonum cuspidatum,Viola philipica,Prunella vulgaris,and Polygonum multiflorum against Salmonella pullorum were studied.【Method】Ultrasonic processing,ethanol refluxing and water bath heating methods were used to extract the effective components of Terminalia chebula Retz,Polygonum cuspidatum,Viola philipica,Prunella vulgaris,and Polygonum multiflorum.Double tube dilution method was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations(MIC)and minimal bactericidal concentrations(MBC)of the extracts against Salmonella pullorum.Then broth chess-board method was used to determine the combined effect of extracts from traditional Chinese medicines on Salmonella pullorum.【Result】The MIC and MBC ranges of the extracts of Terminalia chebula Retz,Polygonum cuspidatum,Viola philipica,Prunella vulgaris,and Polygonum multifloriumagainst Salmonella pullorum were 15.60-62.50 and 15.60-125.00mg/mL(according to crude drugs),respectively.The FICI values of effective components of Terminalia chebula Retz combined with Polygonu mcuspidatum,Viola philipica,Prunella vulgaris,and Polygonum multiflorium were all 0.25.The FICI values of effective components of Polygonum cuspidatumcombined with Viola philipica,Prunella vulgaris,Viola philipica combined with Prunella vulgaris were 1.25-2.The FICI values of effective components of Polygonum multiflorium combined with Polygonum cuspidatum,Viola philipica and Prunella vulgaris were greater than 2.【Conclusion】The extracts of Polygonum cuspidatum and Terminalia chebula Retz had strong effects against Salmonella pullorum in vitro.Terminalia chebula Retz combined with Polygonum cuspidatum,Viola philipica,Prunella vulgaris and Polygonum multiflorium had synergistic effects.Polygonum cuspidatum combined with Viola philipica and Prunella vulgaris had no synergistic effects.Polygonum multiflorium combined with Terminalia chebula Retz,Polygonum cuspidatum,Viola philipica and Prunella vulgaris had antagonism effects.