达斡尔族语言文化结构与发展态势

The Cultural Structure and Development Trends of Daur Language

语言是人类创造自身一起创造出来的一种特殊文化。语言文化本身又是一个大的网络系统,其内部又可分为母语文化、方言文化,以及双语或多语文化等几个组成部分。达斡尔族语言文化结构各子系统之间相互联系和影响,彼此制约,在不同的历史时期表现情况各异。其中,母语文化是达斡尔语言文化的主流。近代以来,达斡尔族语言文化进入了达—满及达—汉双语文化及方言文化发展时期。目前,达斡尔族语言文化的发展趋势基本表现为:母语文化趋于弱化、方言文化渐显个性、双语文化日益泛化等特征。

Language is a special culture invented by human beings together with the invention of themselves, and language culture itself is also a large net system, in which there are native language culture, dialect culture, bilingual or multi lingual culture, and other contents. Each subsystem of cultural structure in Daur language, correlating, influencing and restricting one another, varies in different historic times, in which the main aspect is the native language culture. Since modern times, Daur language culture has corne to a developing stage in the bilingual culture including Daur Manchu and Daur Chinese and the dialect culture. Presently, the basic trend of Daur is that native language culture is declining whereas the dialect culture is increasingly showing its own characteristics and the bilingual culture is being more popularized.